Having a lot of friends is a good thing

2.2 Comparative analysis of the semantics of the thematic grouping of the proverbs devoting "friendship" in the England and Uzbek languages.
The thematic grouping of the proverbs connected with "friendship" in both languages were classified into ten-pharao-semantic subgroups:

1. 
   having a lot of friends is a good thing.
   
2. 
   a man should cherish friendship and friends and take care of them.
   
3. 
   friendship is a great wealth.
   
4. 
   true and old (bosom, real) friends are the best and closest.
   
5. 
   strength of a human being is in the friendship.
   
6. 
   a man should be careful in making friends.
   
7. 
   a man should be on his/her guard against bad(mean) friends.
   
8. 
   a bitter enemy never becomes a friend.
   
9. 
   one should not spare his/her enemies.
   
10. 
    proverbs giving some pieces of advice how to treat his/her friends and enemies.
    

The content of the proverbs belonging to these phrase semantic subgroups mainly coincide in both languages but at the same time, some of the proverbs donate some specific peculiarities of friendship and enmity in the English and Uzbek languages.
1 Having a lot of friends is a good thing.
The main idea of the proverbs belonging is the subgroup the more true friends a man has, the stronger he feels and he will be happy with his friends.
But even the only enemy can be dangerous to a man: “One enemy is too many, hundred friends are far too few”. In Uzbek: “Do’st ming bo’lsa ham- Dushman bir bölsa ham – ko’p”.
(If a man has thousand friends, it is too few, but one enemy is too many).
Do’st – egiz,
Dushman – sakkiz.
(A friend is turns, an enemy is equal to light ones).
In English the strength is laid on having a lot of friends and friends everywhere;
“It is good to have some friends both in heaven and hell”.
But among many friends can be only some friends who are devoted ones;
"Many friends in general, one is special".
When are you successful you will have a lot of friends: "Success has many friends”.
But you are not the situation changes and there is another proverb which is suitable to the situation. "In time of prosperity friends will be plenty, in time of adversity, in not one anlongst twenty".
In some Uzbek proverbs of this subgroup it's stressed that a man can be invincible
if he has a lot of friends:
Aqli ko’pni dor olmas,
Dosti kopni yor olmas.
(A clever man overcomer all the difficulties, a man with a lot of friends overcomes all his enemies (rivals).
Bilagi ko’p birni yiqar,
Dosti ko’p-mingni.
(A strong man fights down only one of his rivals, but a man with many friends can overcome thousands of them)
In some Uzbek proverbs the main idea is the following:
friends and friendship are more valuable than wealth(riches):
1) “Pul orttirma, do’st orttir". (Don't make money, make a lot of friends);
2) "Rabot solma, Do’st orttir" "Rabot" is a historism and means "karvansaray". (Don't build karvansaray, make a lot of friends).
3) " Yuz so’m puling balguncha, Yuzta do’sting bo’lsin". (Having one hundred friends is
better than having one hundred sums).
So the main idea of this phraseo-semantic subgroup in both languages is having a lot of friends is
good and the strength of a man is in the friendship.

II. A man should cherish friendship, friends and take care of them.

In English there are some proverbs which express the idea that, is the both sides in the different is love with of it, understanding", mutual love and mutual understanding are some mutual of the basic features of friendship.
"A man who has friends must himself be friendly"!
These proverbs point out that friendship is based on reciprocity of the both sides in different features of it:
"Friendship is love with understanding “, mutual love and mutual understanding are some of the basic features of friendship.
“A man who has friends must himself be friendly”.
“Friendship cannot always stand on one side”.
The proverbs point out that friendship is based on reciprocity of the both parties.
“Friendship is nothing else than on accord in all things, human and divine, conjoined with
mutual goodwill and affection".
“You should love your friend after you have appraised him, you should not appraise him have begun to love him”.
All these proverbs express the fact that friendship is based on reciprocity in all things: mutual love, mutual respect, mutual understanding each other, equality in their rights, interests and obligations. If a man follows these features of it his friendship with others will be strong and lasts forever.
Some of the Uzbek proverbs belonging to the second phrase-semantic group call upon for protecting each other's interests. If one of the friends commits same faults, the other friend should set them, right:
“Do’st bo’lsang, do’stingni aybini tuzat". (If you are a devoted friend you should tell him about his misdeeds and set them right).
"Vaqtida ogohlantirmoq – do’stning ishi" ("Warning one's friend about his faults in time is the duty of his friend”).
"Do’st so’zini tashlama, tashlab boshing qashlama”. (Take into consideration your friend’s words (requests), otherwise you will have to scratch your head).
Friends must defend each other and cherish one another:
"Do’st do’stga qalqon” (Friends are shields one for another).
“Do’st bilan sirdosh bol, ishida doim qo’ldosh bo’l”.( Let your friend into your secrets and always support him in his deeds).
In Uzbek there is a very original proverb which sounds in the following way:
"Yaxshi ko’rgan do’stingga, yaxshi ko’rgan molingni ber”. (Give your beloved friend as a gift, your favorite thing). It's meaning can be interpreted in the following way: When you give your friends some presents it will be the sign of your love and respect towards them and it will strengthen the friendly ties and cordial relations between you and your friends.
Another very unique proverb in Uzbek is the fallowing:
“Choyning songini do’stinga ber”. (Give the last cup of the tea to your friend).
Usually the last cup of the tea is rather strong when you hand it to your friend it will be the sign of your respect and love towards him from your part
The specific semantic property of this phraseo-semantic subgroup is the following: the English proverbs lay stress on the different features of friendship as mutual love, affection, mutual respect, mutual rights and interests. As to the Uzbek proverbs, they lay stress one defending each other, respect one another and cherishing one’s friend and do not go into details of the different features of friendship.
III. Friendship is a great wealth
In the English proverbs "friendship" is equaled to a great wealth, even it is more precious of it;
“Faithful friend is better than gold”. “They are rich who have true friends”, “a friend in court is better than a penny and purse”. "Friend in the market is better than money in the chest”.
"Friendship" is not a thing or object; which can be bought at by fair, or at the market. "Friendship” is not to be bought at a fair.
In the Uzbek proverbs "friendship " is also equalled to the richer and gold:
"Do’sting – boyliging".(Your friend is your wealth).
“Davlating - do’sting". (Your riches are your friend).
“Xalq do’stiligi – yurt boyligi”. (Nation’s friendship is the wealth of the country).
“Do’st – oltining”,
Dushman – qotiling”.(Your friend is your gold, your enemy is your murderer).
But in some proverbs "friendship" is considered than all more valuable than all the riches aor money:
"Dostlik barcha boylikdan afzal”. (Friendship is above all wealth).
"Ming so’ming bo’lguncha, bitta do’sting bo’lsin". (It is better to have one friend than to have one thousands sums).
The semantic features of the proverbs in both languages in this phraseo-semantic subgroup mainly coincide with each other.
IV. True and old (bosom, real) friends are the best and closest ones.
In the English proverbs old friendship and old, true and faithful friends are equalled to the best and closest ones:
"Old friendship does not rust".
In this provere "old friendship" is equalled to the precious metal-gold which also does not rust. In Uzbek there is also such a proverb:
"Qadim do’stlik zanglamas". (Old friendship does not rust).
In English there are some proverbs which characterize different features of old, real, true friend ship, and friends:
"Old friends and old wine are best”,
“Only your real friends tell you when your face dirty”,
"On honest answer is the sign of true friendship”.
"I cannot be your friend and your flatterer too"
These three you proverbs have very close meaning:
only true and real friends can tell you about your faults and misdeeds frankly, so you should not get offended of them.
The content of the following proverbs are also rather close to each other.
close to each other! There is no better woking glas than
an old friend. "The best micror is an old friend;
"The eye of a friend is a good mirror". "A friend's
frown is better than a foe's smile".
a
are
We can interpret the content of them in the following
important decision.com.
way; you have taken
cerning
business and told about it to your
friendly and asked your advice, Figom the expression
of their eyes and faces you can judge if they
Supporting or rejecting your decision.
In Uzbek there is a provers!
"Kiyimning yangisi - yaxshi,
Portning - eskisi!
(as to clother, the new ones are good,
the old one is good).
The proverb is
new clothes and
trild one and therefore he is a good friend.
-as to a frie bates old friend, Lour old friend is a well-
on the antonymic opposition of the
here is another proyers which is based on the opposition.
of a new friend and an old one;
Yangining nodonligi boir,
Eskening gadrdonligi,
(A new friend is on probation,
But the old friend is well-tried and bosom one).
Your new friend is on probation because you don't know-
all the tird its of his character. It takes tome time to know
him well. But your old friend is already Herbed one.
above-mentioned two tiles proverby have a spe-
eific structure and differ from English proverbs.
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I. Strength of a human- it in the friendship
In English there some proverbs which exprets the strength
, of the friendship indirections to prosperity and lessers
"Friendship
adde brighter
the burden off adversity by dividing and sharing
t"
17
less".
Friendshly
is one mind in two bodies"
The
• general mean some si verbs, withen you and your
of the
true friendy have.
you
Jg you will combine
efforts with them and can cope with any distres thether
and your
and friendship ich directly express
In Uebek there several proverby!
the idea that the strength of a human being is in the
friendship, The proverbs; have the form of oppositional
1 Burgeniki -döstlikda,
7. The strength of anlagle is in its legs,..
but the strength of g man in his friendship).
2. Daraxt-ildizt filon,
(a bree is frong with to roots
A man is strong with his friends)..
•
In this provers, the to the roots of a tree.
ship is
likened
a man's friend
3 Daraxtni tomiri saqlar,
Idanny dosti.
tree keep sa
his friends
As we know, the roots of a tree defend it durinn
The roots of onting riedidit feating bein safe and sound).
as
friends.
a man, he is strong with his true.
The Uzbek proverbs have a specific structure
opposition of a tree with its roots
a man with his friends.
based on the b
and
Страница 8
Vi One should be careful and not to be in a hurry
while making friends with someone
Some English proverbs advise not to be in a
to make friends with someone. It takes some time
to test a tombe your future friend
hurry
1. Before you choose a friend bat a bushel of salt with him
2. Be slow in choosing a friend and slower in changing
him,
The other English proverbs call on up for not trusting
your new friends or an old enemy, because it takes
some time to test one's new friend. At the old enemcy
you cannot change his nature. He will remain as your
Enemy forever;
"Bust not a new friend
or an old enemy!
" Live with your friend as if he might become your enemy"?
"Every
man is your enemy till he proves your friend".
8- Ty your friend before you trust!
"A friend in never known till a man la.. need!
"Remember men and keep in mind, a foxithful friend is hard
to find.
A man can have some friends, but his truce and faithful
friends among them
usually will be a few of
them..
The Uz bck proverbs also express the idea of being cautions
and not making a mistake while choosing friends!
1 Hisobdan addshsang ham, dostdan, dashima
(you can make a mistake while calculating something,
But you must not be in the wrong while making a friends)
2. Har kimni döstim dema,
Tandagi põstím dema,
In Uzbek there are prouages which stress the fact
that a state officider does not have any friends!
1. Qorin gösht bolmas,
a) Sipohi
6) Sipohning oshnasi bolmas,
(a) do domen is not considered as meat,
an official cannot become a friend).
(6) An official has not got any friends ings!
Sipahi is a historism and has tito meanings!
1 an official; 2) a warrior.
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libdomen of the cattle or sheep is considered as a by-product
and is set little by, so it is not real meat. So an official
cannot become anybody's real friend because he serves
the interests of his ruler faithfully. Usually
common people did not like the officials of the amiry
TII a man should be on his guard against mean (bad)
friends and enemies
the English proverbs of this phrases-semantic subgroup
call up for being cautions against mean, false
friends and bitter enemies:
1. "Better an open enemy than a false friend".
2"False friends are worse than better (open) enemies !!
3. A friend's envy is worse than an enemy's hatred",
Some of the proverbs give the advice of being careful
against your former friends with whom your
1.
reconciled
-I- 2º A broken friendship may be soldered but will never
ве sound
enemy
Some of the proverbs stress the fact that an
cannot be small or big one. dny enemy is dangerous,
so you should not underestimate him.
1.,
I never underestimate and enemy?
2
It
we came access such a proverf which is very seman-
tically comprehensive dne. If "Woes unite fees"
can be interpreted in the fallowing way,
you have some folf, that is enemies, I you had some
friends, some of them got offended of you because
you could not tender them financial support timely
and they became bankrupt, so they became your bitter
and my too.
enemies
can unite
your
foes, and deliver un expected damage to your
- your former friends new bitter
businew,
--9
abdomen of the cattle or sheep is considered as a by-product
and is set little by, so it is not real meat. So an official cannot become anybody's real friend because he serves the interests of his ruler faithfully. Usually, common people did not like the officials of the amirs and khans.
III. a man should be on his guard against mean (bad) friends and enemies.
The English proverbs of this phraseo-semantic subgroup call up for being cautions against mean, false friends and bitter enemies:
1. " Better an open enemy than a false friend".
2.” False friends are worse than better (open) enemies”.
3." A friend's envy is worse than an enemy's hatred"
Some of the proverbs give the advice of being careful against your former friends with whom your friendship has been broken:
1. A reconciled friend is a double enemy".
2. a broken friendship may be soldered but will never be sound.
Some of the proverbs stress the fact that an enemy cannot be a small or big one. Any enemy is dangerous, so you should not underestimate him.
1. “There is no little enemy”.
2. “Never underestimate an enemy?
We came across such a proverb which is very a semantically comprehensive one:
1. “Woes unite fees”.
It can be interpreted in the following way:
You have some foe, that is enemies. You had some friends. Some of them got offended of you because you could not render them financial support timely and they became bankrupt, so they became your bitter enemies too. It means that your old foes can unite with your former friends new bitter foes, and deliver unexpected damage to your business.
Страница 10
In Witzbek there are some proverbs
Pº
calling up
for being cautious against mean and bad friends!
1. Ablah dost dushmandan yomon,
No hiyla hilsa, ishlatar oson.
(a foul friend is worse than an enemy,
Because he uses any insidioyeness
2. Ginali dost adovatli
(A friend who nurses a grudge against you
hostile enemy)
casity).
dushman.
is your hostile
3. Yomon dost - kolanka
EA bad friend it a shadow)
4. Yomon dost -fors bulut soyes of_loved).
bad friend
There are some proverbs which have the structure of com-
paring trued and bad friends!
yolga!
paydan-dan-
-10- Ighogany dost
(4 devoted
friend corrects your misdeeds,
An intrigant friend tries to hurt you).
2. Yaxshi disting kuldirar,
Somon dosting kuydirar.
(A good friend makes you laugh,
a bad (mean) friend causes you a great dicaster).
There is a proverb which is based on the comparison
of a bad friend with an owl;
Ortoging beyogli bolsa,
Turishing
(If your friend is an owl.
your life goes to pieces).
-
We can interpret it in the following way; Owls live
always barrows large sums of monje front you and never
pays back. It may bring you to bank Ausstay and ruin
youth business, and your life too. Your friend is an owl
your