Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering



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Photovoltaic science and engineering (1)

18.4.6 Double-layer Capacitors
Conventional capacitors have a dielectric between the electrodes. Their capacity is deter-
mined by the dielectric number and the area of the electrodes. The so-called double-
layer capacitors have an ion-conducting electrolyte between the electrodes. Therefore, an
agglomeration of charge carriers at the interface between the electron-conducting and the
ion-conducting interface is possible. The interface is called the electrochemical double
layer. In contrast to secondary batteries, no chemical reaction and no charge transfer from
the electrode to the electrolyte happened. Therefore, no changes in the material structure
occur resulting in cycle lifetimes of several hundred thousands. The storing of energy


SECONDARY ELECTROCHEMICAL ACCUMULATORS
825
Charge: 1 C (4.1 V cccv)
Temperature: 20
°
C
0.2 C
2 C
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
V
oltage
[V]
Capacity
[mAh]
2.5
2.0
0
500
1000
1500
1 C
Figure 18.8
Voltage during discharge of a Li-ion battery with
C
5
=
1350 mAh capacity as a
function of the discharged capacity at different discharge currents and a temperature of 20

C. The
charging is done with the constant current – constant voltage (cccv or
IU
, see Sub-section 18.4.7.6.1)
regime with a charge current of 1 C and an end-of-charge voltage of 4.1 V [14]
Charge: 1 C (4.1 V cccv)
Discharge: 0.2 C
60
°
C
20
°
C

10
°
C

20
°
C
4.5
4.0
3.5
3.0
V
oltage
[V]
Capacity
[mAh]
2.5
2.0
0
500
1000
1500

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