Handbook of Photovoltaic Science and Engineering



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Photovoltaic science and engineering (1)

9.5.10 Temperature Dependence
To predict device performance at realistic operating temperatures, and to be able to inter-
pret measured device characteristics at these temperatures, it is useful to analyze the
temperature coefficients of these devices using the basic cell equations (9.1–9.16) [31].
We shall see that the current-matching constraint for series-connected multijunction cells
leads to effects in the temperature coefficients that are not seen for single-junction devices.
9.5.10.1 V
OC
Because the series-connected multijunction
V
OC
is simply the sum of the subcell
V
OC
s,
the temperature coefficient d
V
OC
/
d
T
of the multijunction
V
OC
is likewise the sum of the
d
V
OC
/
d
T
values for the subcells. Taking the GaInP/GaAs tandem cell as an example,
both the GaInP and GaAs subcells have d
V
OC
/
d
T
≈ −
2 mV/

C. The tandem therefore
has d
V
OC
/
d
T
≈ −
4 mV/

C [31]. Table 9.2 compares these temperature coefficients for
several types of cells. The GaInP/GaAs/Ge three-junction cell is seen to have a more
negative 1
/V
OC
d
V
OC
/
d
T
value than the GaInP/GaAs two-junction cell, due to the contri-
bution of the low band gap Ge junction. However, going to high concentrations reduced
the magnitude of 1
/V
OC
d
V
OC
/
d
T
, due to the increase in
V
OC
with concentration.
9.5.10.2 J
SC
Although the
V
OC
temperature coefficients for the subcells of a series-connected multi-
junction cell are independent and additive, the multijunction
J
SC
temperature coefficient

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