Geodeziya, kartografiya, geografiya

(2.2.5-rasm.) Kavrayskiyningtengoraliqlikonusliproyeksiyasidakartografikto‘r.

proyeksiyasi, u ham, shuningdekkesuvchikonuslitengoraliqniproyeksiyabo‘lib, kesuvchiparallellaritaxminan 40° va 73° 30¹shimoliykengliklarorasigato‘g‘rikeladi (2.2.6-rasm). Bu proyeksiyadauzunliklarnivamaydonlarxususiymasshtabi bosh masshtabdankamfarqqiladi.

ShuninguchunKrasovskiyproyeksiyasidatuzilgankartabo‘yicha, maktabamaliyotidaxohlagankartometrikishlarnibajarishmumkin.
O‘zbekistonkartalarito‘g‘ritengburchaklivato‘g‘ritengoraliqlikonusliproyeksiyalardatuziladi. 1:2 500 000 masshtabli «O‘rta Osiyo vaQozog‘iston» o‘quvtabiiykartasi (2006-y.) to‘g‘ritengoraliqlikonusliproyeksiyadatuzilgan.
Silindrikproyeksiyalar — ekvatorganisbatansimmetrikyokiungayaqinjoylashgan, shuningdekuzoqlikbo‘yichacho‘zilganhududlaruchun; konusliproyeksiyalar — o‘rtakengliklardajoylashganhududlaruchun; azimutalproyeksiyalar — qutbiyo‘lkalarnitasvirlashuchun; ko‘ndalangvaqiyshiq
proyeksiyalar — meridianlarbo‘ylabcho‘zilganhududlaruchun;

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(2.2.6-rasm.) Krasovskiyningtengoraliqlikonusliproyeksiyasidakartografikto‘r.

ko‘ndalangvaqiyshiqazimuntalproyeksiyalar —qiyofasiaylanagayaqinhududlarniko‘rsatishuchunqo‘llaniladi.
O‘lchashmaqsadlariuchunmo‘ljallangankartalarko‘proqtengburchakliproyeksiyalarda (dengiz, aviatsiya, yo‘lkartalari) yasaladi. Taqqoslashyokimaydonlarnio‘lchashzaruratibo‘lgandatengyuzliproyeksiyalarqo‘llaniladi.
Katta hududlarnitasvirlaydiganobzorkartalarniyaratishda, ko‘pinchaengqulaybo‘lganixtiyoriyproyeksiyalardanfoydalaniladi.

1. 
   Barchatopografikvaobzor-topografikkartalartengburchakliko‘ndalangsilindrikproyeksiyadatuziladi.