Foreign language

Offering suggestions for institutions.Upon engaging in discussions with each other, participants identified some issues they wanted to share with their institutions
to improve their teaching practices and help students‟ learning processes. The

participants‟ comments about a desire to enhance their home teaching environments were coded under the theme “teachers as agents of change”.

The first suggestion to create a change in an institution was detected in the interview session of P # 7. In the discussion session of assignment four which was about defining teachers‟ role as a cultural mediator, P # 7 stated the importance of exchange programs both for teachers and students. She stated that providing students a chance to participate in cultural exchange programs especially in their preparatory school year would increase their awareness of the importance of learning a second language. As a follow-up, the researcher asked the participant whether she would suggest to her administration including a student exchange program for their reparatory school year. She reported that:
I think yes, it might be a good, I mean, it might encourage students if as a prep school, we for example for students who get high score if we give such a present to a student, it might be a great motivation, rather than just passing the exams and going to their departments. If students are given awards like those who get the highest grade will get the chance to go abroad for one week, or two weeks whatever, it might be a great opportunity and it might be very motivating. Therefore, I will suggest it to my administrators, but still I have doubts about its acceptance.
A similar attempt to integrate cultural values was detected in P # 1, as well. In the discussion session of assignment four, P # 3 suggested establishing a movie club in the institutions in her comment for P # 1. In his reply, P#1 reflected his intention to recommend creating a movie club to his institution for preparatory school students to raise the cultural awareness of his students. In the interview session, he stated that:

There is an American TV-series. So basically, there is a company based in United States, but they have a call center in like India. And the workers are all Indian, so basically there are some cross-cultural issues. So watching things like that would give us a really good idea about like the differences between them, I mean cultures. That‟s why I found P # 3‟s suggestion really good. But, even if that‟s a good idea, the problem would be finding good movies or good TV series to, you know, show the cultural differences. But I think that‟s better than nothing, so yeah I would go with the watching movie stuff, yes. And when I go back, I‟m planning to talk about such things like cultural differences, or TV shows, or whatever you call it, or even enable articles to my students, so that they would have a better understanding of cultural differences.

In the discussion sessions, participants discussed the importance of peer observation for their professional development as well. P # 4, P # 6 and P # 9 shared their teaching processes and the contributions of peer observation sessions they had in their previous teaching years. P # 9 stated that in her first institution, she had the chance to request her colleagues to visit her classes and to evaluate her teaching and she realized that with the suggestions of her peers, she could improve her teaching practices by reshaping her teaching techniques. However, in her current institution she could not engage in peer observation. When the researcher asked her whether she would suggest peer observation sessions to her institution, she reported that:
I‟d like to. In my home institution, we don‟t have this kind of procedures as I had in my previous institution, but I‟d like to have. That‟s why I will suggest it cause I like sharing the ideas or getting some signs, clues from experienced teachers, especially.

Unlike other suggestions, P # 5 decided to change the assessment procedure of the course book‟s online activity for her future teaching. In the discussion session of assignment five, integrating technology in ELT, P # 3 stated that the course book they used had an online practice session, which should be assigned students as an out-of-class activity and shouldn‟t be graded. However, administrators decided to grade the online session. No matter how hard P # 3 and some of her colleagues tried, they couldn‟t deter administrators from grading it. P # 3 thought that in order to help students be autonomous, the teachers should leave some space for students and shouldn‟t threaten students with grades. Thus, she criticized the application of the online session of the course book. P # 5 stated that they also utilized the same course book and online lab session and they graded it, as well. P # 5 believed that if the students had not been graded they would not have done the exercises for the online sessions. P # 3 disagreed with P#5‟s suggestion. Therefore, the researcher asked P # 5 whether the criticism of her belief about the application of course books by P # 3 created a change in her perspective or not. P#5 stated that:

Actually, I used to think that the grades, I mean taking grades out of that kind of tools would be encouraging for students but after P # 3‟s comment, yes I realized something. I mean, it is not a good idea to force the students to use
that thing. I thought that they didn‟t use it because they are not autonomous learners, but I think we should find some ways to make them more autonomous rather than forcing them. So, P # 5‟s comment help me to, you know, think on it and maybe we could change this system and I will discuss it with my administration and the other stuff, my colleagues. May be, we should find other ways rather than praising them as a grade, we should find some other ways to make them, I mean, encourage to use such tools.

As it can be inferred from P # 5‟s explanation, she changed her mind and would like to talk to her administrators about reshaping the grading system of online lab session of the course book.

To conclude, it can be inferred from the findings presented under “teachers as agents of change” that participants planned to change their teaching practices by enhancing students learning processes with strategies and raising student motivation with teaching techniques. They reconsidered the old activities they had previously used and decided to reutilize those activities after considering the other participants‟ teaching experiences. Participants also shared their intention to integrate both target culture and the students‟ own cultures into their teaching practices. As teachers of a technology era, they also planned to enhance their teaching by implementing tools of technology to appeal to their students, so called digital natives, in the discussion sessions. Last but not least, participants reflected their intentions to improve their teaching environment by offering suggestions to the administrators of their institutions.