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| bet | 53/78 | | Sana | 21.04.2022 | | Hajmi | 4,09 Mb. | | #571245 |
| Bog'liq 2 5194986033703293314|
Tarqatpa materiallar
-A-A-A-A-A- - si′zi′qli′ polimerler
׀
A-
׀ ׀
-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A- - tarmaqlang`an polimerler
׀ ׀
ְ ְ
׀ ׀ ׀
-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-
׀ ׀ ׀
A A A - torli′ polimerler
׀ ׀ ׀
-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-
׀ ׀ ׀
1.1.1-su`wret. Makromolekuladag`i′ monomerlerdin` wo`z-ara baylani′si′wi′.
׀ ׀
B B
׀ ׀
-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-A-
׀ ׀ ׀
B B B
׀ ׀ ׀
Trans- Tsis-
Debaegrammadag’Ikubliqkristallarberetug’indifraktsiyaliqreflekslerdin’ jaylasiwizbe-izligikestesi:
Ekvivalent tegislikler sani
|
Р-pa’njere
|
I-pa’njere
|
F-pa’njere
|
Аlmaz
|
6
|
100
|
|
|
|
12
|
110
|
110
|
|
|
8
|
111
|
|
111
|
111
|
6
|
200
|
200
|
200
|
|
24
|
210
|
|
|
|
24
|
211
|
211
|
|
|
12
|
220
|
220
|
220
|
220
|
24+6
|
221, 300
|
|
|
|
24
|
310
|
|
|
|
24
|
311
|
|
311
|
311
|
8
|
222
|
|
222
|
|
24
|
320
|
|
|
|
48
|
321
|
321
|
|
|
6
|
400
|
400
|
400
|
|
24+24
|
322, 410
|
|
|
|
12+24
|
330, 411
|
330, 411
|
|
|
24
|
331
|
|
331
|
|
24
|
420
|
420
|
420
|
|
48
|
421
|
|
|
|
24
|
332
|
332
|
|
|
24
|
422
|
422
|
422
|
422
|
24+6
|
430, 500
|
|
|
|
48+24
|
431, 510
|
431, 510
|
|
|
8+24
|
333, 511
|
|
333, 511
|
333,511
|
48+24
|
432, 520
|
|
|
|
48
|
521
|
521
|
|
|
12
|
440
|
440
|
440 (12)
|
440
|
24+24
|
441, 522
|
|
|
|
24+24
|
433, 530
|
433, 530
|
|
|
48
|
531
|
|
531 (48)
|
531
|
Atomliq shashiraw faktorlari
s/2=sin/
|
0
|
0.1
|
0.2
|
0.3
|
0.4
|
0.5
|
0.6
|
0.7
|
0.8
|
0.9
|
1.0
|
1.1
|
d=1/s=/2sin (Ǻ)
|
|
5
|
2.5
|
1.667
|
1.25
|
1
|
0.833
|
0.714
|
0.625
|
0.556
|
0.5
|
0.455
|
1. Н
|
1.0
|
0.81
|
0.48
|
0.25
|
0.13
|
0.07
|
0.04
|
0.03
|
0.02
|
0.01
|
0.00
|
0.00
|
2. Не
|
2.0
|
1.88
|
1.46
|
1.05
|
0.75
|
0.52
|
0.35
|
0.24
|
0.18
|
0.14
|
0.11
|
0.09
|
3. 1i8+
|
2.0
|
1.96
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
1.3
|
1.0
|
0.8
|
0.6
|
0.5
|
0.4
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
3. 1i8
|
3.0
|
2.2
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
1.3
|
1.0
|
0.8
|
0.6
|
0.5
|
0.4
|
0.3
|
0.3
|
4. Be+2
|
4.0
|
2.9
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
1.6
|
1.4
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
0.6
|
0.5
|
5. Be+3
|
5.0
|
3.5
|
2.4
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
1.5
|
1.4
|
1.2
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
0.9
|
0.7
|
6. C
|
6.0
|
4.6
|
3.0
|
2.2
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
1.6
|
1.4
|
1.3
|
1.2
|
1.0
|
0.9
|
7. N+5
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
2.0
|
1.9
|
1.9
|
1.8
|
1.7
|
1.6
|
1.5
|
1.4
|
1.3
|
1.16
|
7. N+3
|
4.0
|
3.7
|
3.0
|
2.4
|
2.0
|
1.8
|
1.66
|
1.56
|
1.49
|
1.39
|
1.28
|
1.17
|
7. N
|
7.0
|
5.8
|
4.2
|
3.0
|
2.3
|
1.9
|
1.65
|
1.54
|
1.49
|
1.39
|
1.29
|
1.17
|
8. O-2
|
10.0
|
8.0
|
5.5
|
3.8
|
2.7
|
2.1
|
1.8
|
1.5
|
1.5
|
1.4
|
1.35
|
1.26
|
8. O
|
8.0
|
7.1
|
5.3
|
3.9
|
2.9
|
2.2
|
1.8
|
1.6
|
1.5
|
1.4
|
1.35
|
1.26
|
9. F-
|
9.0
|
7.8
|
6.2
|
4.45
|
3.35
|
2.65
|
2.15
|
1.9
|
1.7
|
1.6
|
1.5
|
1.35
|
11. Na+
|
10.0
|
9.5
|
8.2
|
6.7
|
5.25
|
4.05
|
3.2
|
2.65
|
2.25
|
1.95
|
1.75
|
1.6
|
12. Mg+2
|
10.0
|
9.75
|
8.6
|
7.25
|
6.05
|
4.8
|
3.85
|
3.15
|
2.55
|
2.2
|
2.0
|
1.8
|
12. Mg
|
12.0
|
10.5
|
8.6
|
7.22
|
6.05
|
4.8
|
3.85
|
3.15
|
2.55
|
2.2
|
2.0
|
1.8
|
13. A1+3
|
10.0
|
9.7
|
8.9
|
7.8
|
6.65
|
5.5
|
4.45
|
3.65
|
3.1
|
2.65
|
2.3
|
2.0
|
13. A1
|
13.0
|
11.0
|
8.95
|
7.75
|
6.6
|
5.5
|
4.5
|
3.7
|
3.1
|
2.65
|
2.3
|
2.0
|
14. Si+4
|
10.0
|
9.75
|
9.15
|
8.25
|
7.15
|
6.05
|
5.05
|
4.2
|
3.4
|
2.95
|
2.6
|
2.3
|
14. Si
|
14.0
|
11.3
|
9.4
|
8.2
|
7.15
|
6.1
|
5.1
|
4.2
|
3.4
|
2.95
|
2.6
|
2.3
|
15. P+5
|
10.0
|
9.8
|
9.25
|
8.45
|
7.5
|
6.55
|
5.65
|
4.8
|
4.05
|
3.4
|
3.0
|
2.6
|
15. P
|
15.0
|
12.4
|
10.0
|
8.45
|
7.45
|
6.5
|
5.65
|
4.8
|
4.05
|
3.4
|
3.0
|
2.6
|
15. P-3
|
18.0
|
12.7
|
9.8
|
8.4
|
7.45
|
6.5
|
5.65
|
4.85
|
4.05
|
3.4
|
3.0
|
2.6
|
16. S+6
|
16.0
|
13.6
|
10.7
|
8.95
|
7.85
|
6.85
|
6.0
|
5.25
|
4.5
|
3.9
|
3.35
|
2.9
|
17. Cl
|
17.0
|
14.6
|
11.3
|
9.25
|
8.05
|
7.25
|
6.5
|
5.75
|
5.05
|
4.4
|
3.85
|
3.35
|
17. Cl-
|
18.0
|
15.2
|
11.5
|
9.3
|
8.05
|
7.25
|
6.5
|
5.75
|
5.05
|
4.4
|
3.85
|
3.35
|
19. K+
|
18.0
|
16.5
|
13.3
|
10.8
|
8.85
|
7.75
|
7.05
|
6.44
|
5.9
|
5.3
|
4.8
|
4.2
|
19. K
|
19.0
|
16.5
|
13.3
|
10.8
|
9.2
|
7.9
|
6.7
|
5.9
|
5.2
|
4.6
|
4.2
|
3.7
|
20. Ca+2
|
18.0
|
16.8
|
14.0
|
11.5
|
9.3
|
8.1
|
7.35
|
6.7
|
6.2
|
5.7
|
5.1
|
4.6
|
20. Ca
|
20.0
|
17.5
|
14.1
|
11.4
|
9.7
|
8.4
|
7.3
|
6.3
|
5.6
|
4.9
|
4.5
|
4.0
|
21. Sc+3
|
18.0
|
16.7
|
14.0
|
11.4
|
9.4
|
8.3
|
7.6
|
6.9
|
6.4
|
5.8
|
5.35
|
4.85
|
21. Sc
|
21.0
|
18.4
|
14.9
|
12.1
|
10.3
|
8.9
|
7.7
|
6.7
|
5.9
|
5.3
|
4.7
|
4.3
|
22. Ti+4
|
18.0
|
17.0
|
14.4
|
11.9
|
9.9
|
8.5
|
7.85
|
7.3
|
6.7
|
6.15
|
5.65
|
5.05
|
22. Ti
|
22.0
|
19.3
|
15.7
|
12.8
|
10.9
|
9.5
|
8.2
|
7.2
|
6.3
|
5.6
|
5.0
|
4.6
|
23. V
|
23.0
|
20.2
|
16.6
|
13.5
|
11.5
|
10.1
|
8.7
|
7.6
|
6.7
|
5.9
|
5.3
|
4.9
|
24. Cr
|
24.0
|
21.1
|
17.4
|
14.2
|
12.1
|
10.6
|
9.2
|
8.0
|
7.1
|
6.3
|
5.7
|
5.1
|
25. Mn
|
25.0
|
22.1
|
18.2
|
14.9
|
12.7
|
11.1
|
9.7
|
8.4
|
7.5
|
6.6
|
6.0
|
5.4
|
26. Fe
|
26.0
|
23.1
|
18.9
|
15.6
|
13.3
|
11.6
|
10.2
|
8.9
|
7.9
|
7.0
|
6.3
|
5.7
|
27. Co
|
27.0
|
24.1
|
19.8
|
16.4
|
14.0
|
12.1
|
10.7
|
9.3
|
8.3
|
7.3
|
6.7
|
6.0
|
28. Ni
|
28.0
|
25.0
|
20.7
|
17.2
|
14.6
|
12.7
|
11.2
|
9.8
|
8.7
|
7.7
|
7.0
|
6.3
|
29. Cu
|
29.0
|
25.9
|
21.6
|
17.9
|
15.2
|
13.3
|
11.7
|
10.2
|
9.1
|
8.1
|
7.3
|
6.6
|
30. Zn
|
30.0
|
26.8
|
22.4
|
18.6
|
15.8
|
13.9
|
12.2
|
10.7
|
9.6
|
8.5
|
7.6
|
6.9
|
37. Rb+
|
36.0
|
33.6
|
28.7
|
24.6
|
21.4
|
18.9
|
16.7
|
14.6
|
12.8
|
11.2
|
9.9
|
8.9
|
37. Rb
|
37.0
|
33.5
|
28.2
|
23.8
|
20.2
|
17.9
|
15.9
|
14.1
|
12.5
|
11.2
|
10.2
|
9.2
|
55. Cs
|
55.0
|
50.7
|
43.8
|
37.6
|
32.4
|
28.7
|
25.8
|
23.2
|
20.8
|
18.8
|
17.0
|
15.6
|
74. W
|
74
|
69
|
60
|
53
|
46
|
41
|
37
|
33
|
30
|
28
|
25
|
23
|
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