Feed Nutrients

Proteins in Ruminants

• Can be met by feeding proteins of vegetable sources
• Also by feeding urea (synthetic nitrogen source made from air, water and carbon)
• Urea is mixed with the ration to to provide nitrogen for making amino acids in the ruminants body

Proteins in Simple Stomached Animals

• Need to feed balanced ration with the right balance of essential amino acids
• If grains are combined in the correct combination they will provide a balanced ration.
• Soybean meal is most commonly used

Protein Sources

• Plant
• Linseed meal
• Dehulled soybean meal
• Cottonseed meal
• Dehydrated alfalfa meal

• Animal
• Meat meal
• Fish meal
• Dried whey
• Casein
• Dried Milk

Vitamins

• Trace organic compounds or needed in small amounts
• All vitamins contain carbon
• Two types of vitamins: Fat soluble and Water soluble

Fat Soluble Vitamins

• Dissolved in fat
• Vitamins A, D, E, and K
• Vitamin A - associated with healthy eyes, good conception rate, and disease resistance
• Vitamin D - assoc. with good bone development and mineral balance of the blood

Fat Soluble Vitamins

• Vitamin E - associated with normal reproduction and muscle development
• Can also help immune system
• Vitamin K - Helps with blood clotting and prevents excessive bleeding from injuries

Sources of Fat Soluble Vitamins

• Green leafy hay
• Yellow Corn
• Cod Liver
• Fish Oils
• Wheat Oil
• Vitamin D is produced in the body when sunlight is present

Water Soluble Vitamins

• Vitamin C - Helps teeth and bone formation and prevents infections
• Vitamin B complex - needed for chemical reactions in the body and help improve appetite, growth and reproduction