Right
: They saw him leave the house
4.
Watch + object + Verb
1
Watch+ Somebody + Verb
1
- Kimningdir nimadir qilganini ko’rish(tomosha qilish) .
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I watched the girls play hockey - Qizlarning hokey o’ynashini ko’rdim (tomosha qildim)
Watch + Somebody + Verb-ing – Kimningdur nimadir qilayotganini ko’rish (tomosha qilish)
I watched the girls playing hockey – Qizlarning hokey o’ynayotganini ko’rdim
Wrong
: I watched the girls to play hockey
Right
:I watched the girls play hockey
5.
Hear + object + Verb
1
Hear + Somebody + Verb
1
- Kimningdir nimadir qilganini eshitish
We heard him speak in English – Biz uning Ingliz tilida gapirganini eshitdik
Hear + Somebody + Verb-ing - Kimningdir nimadir qilayotganini eshitish
We heard him speaking in English – Biz uning Ingliz tilida gapirayotganini eshitdik
Wrong
: We heard him to speak in English
Right
: We heard him speak in English
6.
Feel + object+Verb
1
Feel + somebody/something+Verb
1
– Kimningdir yoki nimanidir nimadir qilganini his qilish
I could feel her heart beat – Uning yurak urishini his qilaoldim
Feel+somebody/something+Verb-ing – Kimningdir yoki nimanidir nimadir qilayotganini his qilish
I could feel her heart beating – Uning yuragini urayotganini his qilaoldim.
Eslatma: make, see, watch, hear, feel fe’llari agarda majhul nisbatda ishlatilinsa, ulardan keyin to
infinitive ishlatiladi. Verb
1
emas to + infinitive.
He was seen to leave the house.
He was heard to speak in English
Wrong
: I could feel her heart to beat
Right
: I could feel her heart beat
Causative Verbs
Ingliz tilida asosan kimgadir nimadur qildirsak, kimdidur nimadur ish qilishga majburlasak,
kelishsak biz causative fe’llarni ishlatamiz: O’z nomidan ma’lum bu fe’llar nimadur sodir
bo’lishiga sababchi bo’ladi shu sababli causative verbs deyladi. Ular bir nechta ularni qanday
ishlatilishini ko’ramiz
Let somebody/something do
(fe’lni oddiy shakli) bu shakl asosan biror narsaga ruxsat berishda
ishlatiladi. Let fe’lidan kegin odam yoki narsa keladi va undan so’ng fe’lni oddiy shakli
ishlatamiz”
Mary’s father won’t let her adopt a puppy because he’s allergic to dogs
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Common mistakes: (Let somebody/something to do) Bu tarzda ishlatish xato.Ko’plar
someone/something dan so’ng to infinitive olshadi Bu katta xato Let somebody/something do bu
to’gri
Synonym(Sinonimlari) Letni o’rnida allow va
permit kelishi mumkin unda Allow/permit
somebody/something to do holida ishatiladi
MAKE +
somebody/something DO
(oddiy shakli) Bu shakl asosan nimadur qildirsak,
nimagadur majburlasak ishlatamiz. Test shu shakldan tuzilgandi
The teacher made all the students rewrite their papers, because the first drafts
were not acceptable.
O’qtuvchi hamma talabalarni ularning ishini qayta yozishga majbur qildi
Common mistakes: Make somebody/something to do(Xato bu)
Synonym(Sinonimlari):
Force/Require
somebody/something to do
The school requires the students to wear uniforms. – Maktab o’quvchilardan forma kiyishni
talab qiladi
HAVE bilan ikki xil shaklda ishlatiladi biz faqat have keyin odami yoki narsami shuni bilib
olshimiz kerak:
have + [something] + PP Verb(Fe’lning 3 shakli)
I want to have my watch repaired. –Soatimni tuzattirishni xohlayman
Have + someone + verb
I want to have Bobur repair my watch. – men Boburga sotimni tuzatirishni
xohlayman
The businessman had his secretary make copies of the report – Biznesmen kotibasiga
hisobot nusxalarni tayyorlashni buyurdi( tayyorlatdi)
Common mistakes: Have somebody to do(Xato bu) Have someone done(xato)
Get someone to do something kimgadir nimadur qildirish
I got the cleaner to clean under the cupboards. - Men tozalovchiga shkaflarni tagini
tozalatdim
Get something done = have something done - ikkalasi birxil farqsiz ishlatiladi have ancha
yaxshiroq
Common mistakes: Strukturada xato qilshadi ko’plar sizlar ham shunaqa xato qilmanglar get
someone do bu xato shunaqa qanaqa yasalishiga e’tbor bering.
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Ba’zi fe’llar o’zidan keyin gerund yoki to infinitive olishi mumkin. Faqat ma’noda ozroq o’zgarish
bo’ladi
1. Remember to do yoki doing
Eslatma : Agar biror ish-harakatni bajarishdan OLDIN “eslash” bo’lsa, remember fe’lidan keyin
TO infinitiv ishlatiladi. Masalan: Jon remembered to lock the car before he went into the building
– Tom binoga kirishidan oldin mashinasini qulflashni esladi. (eslash mashinani qulflashdan oldin
amalga oshirilayapti, shuning uchun fe’ldan keyin TO infinitiv ishlatilgan).
Agarda eslash biror ish-harakatni bajarib bo’lgandan KEYIN amalga oshirilsa, bu holatda remember
fe’lidan keyin ING gerund ishlatiladi. Masalan: Jon was inside the building and he clearly
remembered locking the car. – Tom bino ichida edi va u mashinani qulflaganligini aniq esladi.
Yana bir oson farqi; remember to do – bajarishni eslamoq, remember doing – bajarganini eslamoq
a) Remember to do
Wrong
: Jon remembered locking the car before he went into the building
Right
:
Jon remembered to lock the car before he went into the building
b) Remember doing
Wrong
: Tom was inside the building and he clearly remembered to lock the car.
Right
: Tom was inside the building and he clearly remembered locking the car.
1. Forget to do yoki doing
Forget to do - biror bajarmoqchi bo’lgan ishni bajarishni unitish.
Forget doing - biror ishni bajarganini unitish
.
Misollarni tarjimasiga e’tibor bering
I forgot to buy a newspaper – gazeta sotib olishni unitdim (gazeta sotib olmadim ya’ni bajarishni
unitdim) . Agarda shuyerda forgetdan keyin ing kelganda bunaqa ma’no chiqardi.
I forgot buying a newspaper – Men gazeta sotib ol ganimni unutdim ( sotib oldim va sotib olganimni
unutdim ya’ni bajarganimni unutdim.)
Forget to do
Wrong
: I have to go out. I forgot buying a newspaper
Right
: I have to go out. I forgot to buy a newspaper
Forget doing
Wrong
: I’ll never forget to travel by plane for the first time
Right
: I’ll never forget travelling by plane for the first time
2. Regret to do yoki doing
Regret to do – Biror ishni bajarish dan afsuslanishni bildiradi, Tarjimasi afsusdaman so’ziga ham
qisman to’g’ri keladi, va ko’pincha say, tell inform fe’llari bilan keladi.
Regret doing – Biror ishni bajar ganidan afsuslanishni bildiradi.
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Misollarni tarjimasiga e’tibor bering:
We regret to inform you that you have failed – Muvaffaqiyatsizligingiz haqida xabar berishdan
afsusdamiz
He regretted selling his house - Uyini sotganidan afsusda
a) Regret to do
Wrong
: We regret informing you that you have failed
Right
: We regret to inform you that you have failed
b) Regret doing
Wrong
: He regretted to sell his house
Right
: He regretted selling his house
3.
Stop to do yoki doing
Stop to do – biror narsani bajarish uchun, yoki biror narsani bajarish maqsadida to’xtash
Stop doing – biror narsani bajarishni to’xtatish, yoki biror odatni tashlash.
Misollarni tarjimasiga e’tibor bering:
He run out of petrol. He stopped to fill the tank with petrol, then continued driving - Benzin tugab
qoldi. U tankni benzin bilan to'ldirish uchun to'xtatdi, keyin haydashni davom ettirdi ( benzin olish
maqsadida to’xtadi)
He stopped drinking coffee because it upset his stomach – Uning oshqozinga yoqmagani uchun kofe
ichishni to’xtatdi (ichishni tashladi). (ichishni tashladi, odatini to’xtatdi.)
a)
Stop to do
Wrong
: He run out of petrol. He stopped filling the tank with petrol, then continued driving
Right
: He run out of petrol. He stopped to fill the tank with petrol, then continued driving
b)
Stop doing
Wrong
: He stopped to drink coffee because it upset his stomach
Right
: He stopped drinking coffee because it upset his stomach
4. Try to do yoki doing
Try to do – Biror ishni bajarishga qattiq harakat qilish, qo’lidan kegancha urinish. Agar ish-
harakatni bajaruvchi nimadir qilishga qattiq harakat qilsa, bor kuchini sarflab urinsa, try fe’lidan
keyin TO infinitiv ishlatiladi.
Try doing – Biror narsani bajarishni sinab ko’rish. Kimdir nimanidir bajarishga shunchaki urinib
ko’rsa, qattiq harakat qilmasdan shunchaki nimanidir bajarishni sinab ko’rsa, try fe’lidan keyin ING
gerund ishlatiladi.
Misollarni tarjimasiga e’tibor bering:
He tried to move the heavy branch to the side of the road - U og'ir novdani yo'l chetiga surishga
harakat qildi ( qattiq urindi, harakat qildi)
If you can't go to sleep, try drinking some milk - Agar siz uxlay olmasangiz, sut ichib ko’ring(sinab
ko’ring)
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a) Try to do
Wrong
: He tried moving the heavy branch to the side of the road
Right
: He tried to move the heavy branch to the side of the road
b) Try doing
Wrong
: If you can’t go to sleep, try to drink some milk
Right
: If you can’t go to sleep, try drinking some milk
5. Like to do yoki doing
Agar so’zlovchi biror ishni bajarish yaxshi yoki to’g’ri deb o’ylasa Like fe’lidan keyin TO
infinitive ishlatamiz.
Agar so’zlovchi biror ishni bajarishdan rohatlansa, zavq olsa Like fe’lidan keyin ING gerund
ishlatamiz
Misollarni tarjimasiga e’tibor bering:
I like to pay my bills as soon as I get them – Men to’lovlarni olishim bilanoq to’lashni yaxshi
ko’raman( men to’lovlarni o’z vaqtida to’lash to’gri va yaxshi deb o’ylayman. Buyerda vaqtida
to’lashdan rohatlanmayman shunchaki vaqtida to’lash to’g’ri deb o’ylayman.)
I like meeting new people – Menga yangi odamlar bilan tanishish yoqadi( men bundan rohatlanaman,
zavq olaman)
O’zidan keyin gerund oladigan sifatlar
1.
Busy + ing (band bo’lmoq)
Tarjimasi
:
I was busy revising for the exams - Imtihonlarni qayta ko'rib chiqish bilan band edim
Wrong
: I was busy to revise the exams
Right
: I was busy revising for the exams
2. Worth + ing (...arziydi)
Tarjimasi:
Is today’s film worth seeing? Bugungi filmni tomosha qilishga arziydimi?
Wrong
: Is today’s film worth to see?
Right
: Is today’s film worth seeing?
Ba’zi birikmalar o’zidan keyin gerund oladi
1. Have difficulty in + ing (qiynalmoq)
Wrong
: She has no difficulty to do it
Right
: She has no difficulty in doing it
Tarjimasi
: She has no difficulty in doing it - U buni qilishda qiyinchiliklarga duch kelmaydi
2. Have the pleasure of (rohatlanmoq)
Tarjimasi
: I had the pleasure of meeting him - Men u bilan uchrashishdan zavqlandim
Wrong
: I had the pleasure to meet him
Right
: I had the pleasure of meeting him
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3. It’s no use + ing (foydasiz)
Tarjimasi
:
It’s no use crying like a baby - Chaqaloq kabi yig'lashning foydasi yo'q
Wrong
:It’s no use to cry like a baby
Right
: It’s no use crying like a baby
4. It’s no good + ing (foydasiz)
Tarjimasi
:
It’s no good getting angry.- G'azablanish yaxshi emas(foydasiz).
Wrong
: It’s no good to get angry.
Right
: It’s no good getting angry.
5. There is no harm in + ing (zarari yo’q)
Tarjimasi
;
There’s no harm in visiting her now - Hozir uning oldiga borishning zarari yo'q
Wrong
: There’s no harm to visit her now
Right
: There’s no harm in visiting her now
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Infinitive
Gerund
Ma’lum fe’llardan keyin:
agree aim appear arrange
ask attempt be able beg begin care choose condescend
consent continue dare decide deserve detest dislike
expect fail forget get happen have hesitate hope hurry
intend leap leave like long love mean neglect offer ought
plan prefer prepare proceed promise propose refuse
remember say shoot start stop strive swear threaten try
use wait want wish
They decided to start a business together
Ma’lum fe’llardan keyin :
admit advise appreciate
avoid can't help complete consider delay deny detest
dislike enjoy escape excuse finish forbid get through have
imagine mind miss permit postpone practice quit recall
report resent resist resume risk spend (time) suggest
tolerate waste (time)
Verb + object qurilmasidan keyin:
advise allow ask
beg bring build buy challenge choose command dare
direct encourage expect forbid force have hire instruct
invite lead leave let like love motivate order pay permit
persuade prepare promise remind require send teach tell
urge want warn
He encouraged his friends to vote for him
Predloglardan keyin:
Tom is interested in playing computer games
Sifatlardan keyin: able due likely prepared unable
eager unlikely willing anxious keen ready unwilling
clever difficult easy foolish hard kind nice possible
impossible right wrong silly amazed delighted
disappointed glad happy pleased proud relieved sad
sorry surprised unhappy difficult easy hard possible/
impossible
Egalik olmoshlaridan keyin:
I like his singing
Too va enough so’zlaridan keyin
I'm really tired. I'm ready to go to bed
Only so’zi yoki only +noun keyin
I went back to the shop only to find that it had
closed for good
Maqsadni ifodalash uchun. O’zbek tilida ish uchun,
moqlik uchun, ish maqsadida deb tarjima qilinadi
We came here to help you – Biz bu yerga sizga
yordam bermoqlik uchun keldik
.
Document Outline - Ingliz tilida asosan kimgadir nimadur qildirsak, kimdidur nimadur ish qilishga majburlasak, kelishsak biz causative fe’llarni ishlatamiz: O’z nomidan ma’lum bu fe’llar nimadur sodir bo’lishiga sababchi bo’ladi shu sababli causative verbs deyladi. Ul...
- Let somebody/something do (fe’lni oddiy shakli) bu shakl asosan biror narsaga ruxsat berishda ishlatiladi. Let fe’lidan kegin odam yoki narsa keladi va undan so’ng fe’lni oddiy shakli ishlatamiz”
- Mary’s father won’t let her adopt a puppy because he’s allergic to dogs
- Common mistakes: (Let somebody/something to do) Bu tarzda ishlatish xato.Ko’plar someone/something dan so’ng to infinitive olshadi Bu katta xato Let somebody/something do bu to’gri
- Synonym(Sinonimlari) Letni o’rnida allow va permit kelishi mumkin unda Allow/permit somebody/something to do holida ishatiladi
- MAKE + somebody/something DO (oddiy shakli) Bu shakl asosan nimadur qildirsak, nimagadur majburlasak ishlatamiz. Test shu shakldan tuzilgandi
- The teacher made all the students rewrite their papers, because the first drafts were not acceptable.
- O’qtuvchi hamma talabalarni ularning ishini qayta yozishga majbur qildi
- Common mistakes: Make somebody/something to do(Xato bu)
- Synonym(Sinonimlari): Force/Require somebody/something to do
- The school requires the students to wear uniforms. – Maktab o’quvchilardan forma kiyishni talab qiladi
- HAVE bilan ikki xil shaklda ishlatiladi biz faqat have keyin odami yoki narsami shuni bilib olshimiz kerak:
- have + [something] + PP Verb(Fe’lning 3 shakli)
- I want to have my watch repaired. –Soatimni tuzattirishni xohlayman
- Have + someone + verb
- I want to have Bobur repair my watch. – men Boburga sotimni tuzatirishni xohlayman
- The businessman had his secretary make copies of the report – Biznesmen kotibasiga hisobot nusxalarni tayyorlashni buyurdi( tayyorlatdi)
- Common mistakes: Have somebody to do(Xato bu) Have someone done(xato)
- Get someone to do something kimgadir nimadur qildirish
- I got the cleaner to clean under the cupboards. - Men tozalovchiga shkaflarni tagini tozalatdim
- Get something done = have something done - ikkalasi birxil farqsiz ishlatiladi have ancha yaxshiroq
- Common mistakes: Strukturada xato qilshadi ko’plar sizlar ham shunaqa xato qilmanglar get someone do bu xato shunaqa qanaqa yasalishiga e’tbor bering.
- Ba’zi fe’llar o’zidan keyin gerund yoki to infinitive olishi mumkin. Faqat ma’noda ozroq o’zgarish bo’ladi
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