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Types of contrasting

• I. What is Contrast?
• Contrast means difference, especially when that difference is very noticeable. It usually shows up in pairs: steak and salad, salt and pepper, table and chairs, hero and villain, etc.
• Contrast often means “opposite”: for example, black is the opposite of white, and so there’s a contrast between black ink and white paper. But contrast can also happen when the two things are just very different. For example, cats and dogs are definitely a contrast, but they’re not opposites.

II. Types of Contrast

The types of contrast are basically infinite, but these are a few of the most common ones:

• Visual Contrast: Maybe the simplest form of contrast is purely visual. It often includes colors, such as black and white or green and purple. But it could also involve shapes, sizes, etc.
• Social/Cultural Contrast: rich and poor, male and female, Christian and atheist, Congolese, Brazilian and Turkish. These are all social or cultural contrasts

• Personal Contrast: Imagine two people who have different skills, habits, or personalities.
• One’s messy, the other’s clean. One’s tough, the other’s wimpy. One’s tall and skinny, the other’s short and squat.
• Emotional Contrast: within a single story, you can have strong emotional contrasts, e.g. between fear in one scene and love in another.

• III. Examples of Contrast
• Example 1
• Movie posters use visual contrast all the time. They’re especially known for using blue-and-orange contrast – in fact, so many posters use this technique that it’s become a cliché!
• Example 2
• All the characters in The Simpsons are full of contrast, but Homer and Lisa are particularly striking. Notice how there are several different kinds of contrast here, including social, personal, and visual! This will be true of most of our examples.

• Example 3
• Personal contrast usually takes place between two characters, but it can also happen within a single person! People often talk, for example, about how Thomas Jefferson was a man of contrasts: he wrote beautifully about freedom and equality, yet he owned slaves; he always loved solitude and the countryside, yet he spent his whole life in crowded cities working on politics

• IV. The Importance of Contrast
• Contrast helps the reader see the attributes of each thing in the pair. A blue sky looks even more blue when you put it next to an orange bonfire, and the bonfire looks more orange next to the blue sky. Similarly, a kind character looks more kind next to a cruel villain, and the cruel villain looks more cruel. And so on.
• Contrasts are often compelling to read because they simplify things. Once you know that one character is brave while the other is a coward, you can easily predict their actions, and this makes the story easier to read. But at the same time, contrasts can make room for all sorts of complexity, as in the Jefferson example above. In short, contrasts are important because they can fill a wide variety of functions within a story or essay.

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