Explain the types of meaning, including the cause, nature and result of

Explain the types of meaning, including the cause, nature and result of
semantic change in meaning.
Semantics refers to the study of meaning. There are two types of
semantics: logical and lexical. Logical semantics is the study of reference (the
symbolic relationship between language and real-world
objects) and implication (the relationship between two sentences).
Lexical semantics is the analysis of word meaning.
What is semantic change?
The term 'semantic change' refers to how the meaning of words changes
over time. We will cover five types of semantic change: narrowing, broadening,
amelioration, pejoration, and semantic reclamation.
The nature of semantic change
It is important to remember that semantic change is a gradual process. The meaning
of a word doesn't just change in an instant, it can take many years.
Semantic change often occurs as societal values change. This means that different
social or ethnic groups may experience semantic change differently for different
words.
Causes of semantic change
There are two different causes of semantic change. These are extralinguistic
causes (not involving language) and linguistic causes (involving language).
Different types of semantic change, broadening, amelioration, pejoration, and semantic
reclamation.
Below, we will discuss the characteristics of these, and look at examples of each
type of semantic change There are five major types of semantic change. These changes occur for either
extralinguistic or linguistic reasons. The five major kinds of semantic change
are: narrowing.
Narrowing
Semantic narrowing is the process by which a word's meaning becomes less
generalised (in other words more specific) over time. This means that the
new meaning derives directly from the original meaning. Typically this process is
caused by linguistic factors, such as ellipses, and can take many years to
occur. Narrowing can also be referred to as semantic specialisation or semantic
restriction.
Broadening
Broadening is the process in which the meaning of a word becomes more
generalised over time. In order words, the word can be used in more contexts
than it could originally. This is sometimes referred to as semantic generalisation.
Semantic broadening is the antonym of semantic narrowing, as the process that
takes place is the opposite. However, like semantic narrowing, this process often
occurs over the course of many years. Broadening can be caused by both
extralinguistic and linguistic causes, such as a change in worldview, or linguistic
analogy.