Eurasia is the largest continent on Earth and is made up of Europe and Asia. The land area is 55 million km2, of which 75 million km2 are islands

Eurasia is the largest continent on Earth and is made up of Europe and Asia. The land area is 55 million km2, of which 2.75 million km2 are islands. The continent is 16,000 km long from west to east and 8,000 km wide from north to south. The most extreme points on the mainland of Eurasia are Cape Chelyuskin in the north, Cape Piay in the south, Cape Roca in the west, and Cape Dezhnev in the east. Eurasia accounts for 36.6% of the world's land area and is home to about 74% of the continent's population. Population 5.2 billion people (October 19, 2017).

Several islands in southeastern Eurasia are located in the southern hemisphere. Eurasia is bounded on the west by the Atlantic Ocean, on the north by the Arctic Ocean, on the south by the Indian Ocean, on the east by the Pacific Ocean and their marginal seas. Eurasia is the oldest cultural site. The Great Silk Road, which connected different parts of the Eurasian continent, played an important role in the economic and spiritual development of Eurasia. The integrity of the land, the commonality of many climatic processes, the similarity of the development of the organic world and other natural historical events allow us to call Europe and Asia a single name, Eurasia. The concept of "Eurasia" was introduced to geology and geography in 1883 by E. Zeuss

Yevrosiyo, Yer sharidagi eng katta materik boʻlib, tarkibi Yevropa va Osiyo qitʼalaridan iborat. Yer maydoni 55 million km2, shundan 2,75 million km2'i orollar hisoblanadi. Materikning uzunligi gʻarbdan sharqqa 16 ming km, eni shimoldan janubga 8 ming km. Yevrosiyoning materikdagi eng chekka nuqtalari shimolda Chelyuskin burni, janubda Piay burni, gʻarbda Roka burni, sharqda Dejnev burni. Yevrosiyoga Yer sharidagi quruqlikning 36,6%'i toʻgʻri keladi, materikda Yerdagi jami aholining qariyb 74%'i yashaydi. Aholisi 5,2 milliard kishi (19-oktabr 2017).

Yevrosiyoning janubi-sharqidagi bir qancha orollar janubiy yarimsharda joylashgan. Yevrosiyoni gʻarbdan Atlantika okeani, shimoldan Shimoliy Muz okeani, janubdan Hind okeani, sharqdan Tinch okeanlari va ularning chekka dengizlari oʻrab olgan. Yevrosiyo eng qadimgi madaniyat maydonidir. Yevrosiyoning iqtisodiy va maʼnaviy taraqqiyotida Yevrosiyo materigining turli qismlarini bogʻlovchi „Buyuk Ipak yoʻli“ning ahamiyati katta boʻlgan. Quruqlikning yaxlitligi, koʻpgina iqlimiy jarayonlarning umumiyligi, organik dunyo taraqqiyotining va boshqa tabiiy tarixiy hodisalarning oʻxshashligi Yevropa bilan Osiyoni yagona nom Yevrosiyo deb atashga imkon beradi. „Yevrosiyo“ tushunchasi geologiya va geografiya fanlariga 1883-yilda E. Zyuss tomonidan kiritildi

Eurasia is the largest continent on Earth. Together with the islands, its area is 54.9 million km2 - 36.8% of the land area. The continent consists of two parts - Europe and Asia. However, 4/5 of them are in Asia and 1/5 in Europe - two parts of the world that are traditionally separated as part of Eurasia. The names of these parts of the world originated in ancient times and are translated from the Assyrian language: "Erebus" - west and "asu - East. The border between them is the eastern foothills of the Urals, the Emba River, the northern shore of the Caspian Sea, Kumo- The Manich Plain is drawn along the Azov, Black and Marmara Seas, the Bosphorus and the Dardanelles.
Evroosiyo- Yerning eng katta qit'asi. Orollar bilan birgalikda uning maydoni 54,9 mln km2 - quruqlikning 36,8% ni tashkil qiladi. Materik ikki qismdan - Yevropa va Osiyodan iborat. Shu bilan birga, ularning 4/5 qismi Osiyoda va 1/5 qismi - Evropada - an'anaviy ravishda Evrosiyoning bir qismi sifatida ajralib turadigan dunyoning ikki qismi. Dunyoning bu qismlarining nomlari qadimgi davrlarda paydo bo'lgan va ossuriya tilidan tarjima qilingan: " Erebus "- g'arbiy va" asu - Sharq. Ularning orasidagi chegara Uralning sharqiy etagi, Emba daryosi, Kaspiy dengizining shimoliy qirg'og'i, Kumo-Manich pastligi, Azov, Qora va Marmara dengizlari, Bosfor va Dardanel bo'g'ozlari bo'ylab chizilgan.
Because the length of the continent is from north to south (8000 km) and from west to east (16000 km). nature is characterized by great diversity and contrast: here, there is the highest peak in the world - Chomolungma (Everest - 8848 m) and the deepest land depth - the Dead Sea (395 m below sea level); cold point Northern Hemisphere - Oymyakon (-71 ºC) and hot Mesopotamia; the rainiest places in the world are Cherapunji (12,000 mm of rainfall per year) and the Arabian Peninsula receives 44 mm of rainfall per year.
Materikning uzunligi shimoldan janubga (8000 km) va g'arbdan sharqqa (16000 km) bo'lganligi sababli. tabiat katta xilma-xilligi va qarama-qarshiligi bilan ajralib turadi: bu erda, bor dunyodagi eng baland cho'qqi- Chomolungma (Everest - 8848 m) va quruqlikdagi eng chuqur chuqurlik- O'lik dengiz (dengiz sathidan 395 m past); sovuq nuqta Shimoliy yarim shar - Oymyakon (-71 ºS) va issiq Mesopotamiya; eng yomg'irli joy dunyoda - Cherapunji (yiliga 12000 mm yog'ingarchilik) va Arabiston yarim orolining yiliga 44 mm yog'ingarchilik tushadigan hududlari.
In addition, the largest lake in Eurasia - the Caspian Sea, with an area of 396,000 km2, as well as the deepest freshwater lake in the world - Lake Baikal (depth 1637 m), the lowest temperature observed in Eurasia (except Antarctica) in Oymyakon region (Russia) -70 ° C.
Bundan tashqari, Evroosiyo eng katta ko'l dunyoda - Kaspiy dengizi, uning maydoni 396 000 km2, shuningdek eng chuqur chuchuk suv dunyoda Ko'l- Baykal (chuqurligi 1637 m), Evrosiyo hududida kuzatilgan eng past havo harorati(Antarktidadan tashqari) Oymyakon viloyatida (Rossiya) -70 °S.
The composition of the area. The Eurasian continent covers two parts of the world - Europe and Asia. The boundary between them is conditional. It is carried out along the eastern slopes of the Ural Mountains, from the Ural River to the Caspian Sea, along the northern foothills of the Caucasus, along the Black Sea, the Bosphorus, the Marmara Sea, the Dardanelles. The division of Eurasia into two parts of the world has historically developed as a result of the location and development of its territory (by different peoples in different directions). But there is also a scientific basis for this. The continent was formed as a result of the fusion of lithosphere blocks that had previously evolved under different conditions. After merging for millions of years, it will develop as a single natural-territorial complex. That is why Mainland Eurasia is a unique geographical system: large, complex, but at the same time inseparable.
Hududning tarkibi. Evroosiyo materigi dunyoning ikki qismini - Yevropa va Osiyoni o'z ichiga oladi. Ularning orasidagi chegara shartli. U sharqiy yonbag'ir bo'ylab amalga oshiriladi Ural tog'lari, Ural daryosidan Kaspiy dengizigacha, Kavkazning shimoliy etaklari bo'ylab, Qora dengiz, Bosfor, Marmara dengizi, Dardanel bo'ylab. Yevrosiyoning dunyoning ikki qismiga boʻlinishi tarixan – uning hududining joylashishi va rivojlanishi (turli yoʻnalishdagi turli xalqlar tomonidan) natijasida rivojlangan. Lekin buning ilmiy asosi ham bor. Materik ilgari turli sharoitlarda rivojlangan litosfera bloklarining birlashishi natijasida vujudga kelgan. Millionlab yillar davomida birlashgandan keyin u yagona tabiiy-hududiy majmua sifatida rivojlanadi. Shunung uchun Materik Yevroosiyo noyob geografik tizimdir: katta, murakkab, lekin ayni paytda ajralmas.
Eurasian relief

The topography of Eurasia is very diverse, with the world's largest plains and mountain systems, the Eastern European Plain, the Western Siberian Plain, and the Tibetan Plateau. Eurasia is the highest continent on Earth, with an average altitude of about 830 meters (the average height of Antarctica is higher due to the ice sheet, but if we consider the height of the bedrock as its height, then the continent is the lowest. 'ladi). Eurasia has the highest mountains on Earth - the Himalayas (snow cover), and the Eurasian mountain systems make up the largest mountainous region on Earth, the Himalayas, Tibet, Hindu Kush, the Pamirs, the Tien Shan, and others.

The modern relief of the continent is the result of intense tectonic movements in the Neogene and anthropogenic periods. East Asian and Alpine-Himalayan geosynclinal belts are characterized by the highest mobility. Strong neotectonic movements are also characteristic of a wide range of structures of different ages, from Gissar-Alay to Chukotka. High seismicity is typical of many regions of Central and East Asia, including the Malay Archipelago. The active volcanoes of Eurasia are located in Kamchatka, the islands of East and Southeast Asia, Iceland and the Mediterranean.

The average height of the continent is 830 m, and about 65% of its territory is occupied by mountains and plateaus.

Yevrosiyo relyefi
Yevrosiyo relyefi juda xilma-xil boʻlib, unda dunyodagi eng yirik tekislik va togʻ tizimlari, Sharqiy Yevropa tekisligi, Gʻarbiy Sibir tekisligi va Tibet platosi joylashgan. Evrosiyo - Yerdagi eng baland qit'a, uning o'rtacha balandligi taxminan 830 metrni tashkil qiladi (Antarktidaning o'rtacha balandligi muz qatlami tufayli balandroq, ammo agar biz uning balandligi sifatida tub jinslarning balandligini hisobga olsak, u holda qit'a eng past bo'ladi) . Yevroosiyoda Yer yuzidagi eng baland togʻlar – Himoloy (ind. Qorlar maskani) bor va Yevroosiyo togʻ tizimlari Himoloy, Tibet, Hindukush, Pomir, Tyan-Shan va boshqalar Yerdagi eng yirik togʻli hududni tashkil qiladi.
Materikning zamonaviy relyefi neogen va antropogen davrlardagi shiddatli tektonik harakatlar tufayli yuzaga kelgan. Sharqiy Osiyo va Alp-Himoloy geosinklinal kamarlari eng yuqori harakatchanligi bilan ajralib turadi. Kuchli neotektonik harakatlar Hisor-Oloydan Chukotkagacha bo'lgan turli yoshdagi tuzilmalarning keng polosasiga ham xosdir. Yuqori seysmiklik Markaziy, Markaziy va Sharqiy Osiyoning koʻplab mintaqalari, Malay arxipelagiga xosdir. Evrosiyoning faol vulqonlari Kamchatkada, Sharqiy va Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo orollarida, Islandiyada va O'rta er dengizida joylashgan.
Materikning oʻrtacha balandligi 830 m, hududining 65% ga yaqinini togʻlar va platolar egallaydi.
The main mountain systems of Eurasia:
Himalayas
Alps
Hindukush
Qorakoram
Tyan-Shan
Kunlun
Altai
Southern Siberian Mountains
Northeastern Siberian Mountains
The mountains of West Asia
Pomir-Olay
Tibetan plateau
Sayano-Tuva Mountains
Dean Plateau
Central Siberian Plateau
Carpathians
Ural Mountains
Evrosiyoning asosiy tog' tizimlari:
Himoloylar
Alp tog'lari
Hindukush
Qorakoram
Tyan-Shan
Kunlun
Oltoy
Janubiy Sibir tog'lari
Shimoliy-Sharqiy Sibir tog'lari
Gʻarbiy Osiyo togʻlari
Pomir-Olay
Tibet platosi
Sayano-Tuva tog'lari
Dekan platosi
Markaziy Sibir platosi
Karpatlar
Ural tog'lari
"A": - modern definition of boundary. Now used by the UN. "B": - along the Ural ridge and the Ural River. "C": - Cape Yugorsky Shar - Pai-Khoi ridge - Ural ridge - border along the Ural River. "D" - along the border with Kazakhstan. "F": - Caucasus ridge (water basin). "E": - Northern foothills of the Caucasus. "F": - Lines along the Greater Caucasus Basin. "G": - Southern foothills of the Caucasus. "H": - Caucasus on the Rioni and Kura rivers. "I": - Little Caucasus and along the rivers Araks and Kura. "J": - The former frontier of the Soviet Union.
"A": - chegaraning zamonaviy ta'rifi. Hozir BMT tomonidan qo'llaniladi. "B": - Ural tizmasi va Ural daryosi bo'ylab. "C": - Cape Yugorskiy Shar - Pai-Khoi tizmasi - Ural tizmasi - Ural daryosi bo'ylab chegara. "D" - Qozog'iston chegarasi bo'ylab. "F": - Kavkaz tizmasi (suv havzasi). "E": - Kavkazning shimoliy etaklari. "F": - Katta Kavkaz suv havzasi bo'ylab chiziqlar. "G": - Kavkazning janubiy etaklari. "H": - Rioni va Kura daryolarida Kavkaz. "Men": - Kichik Kavkaz va Araks va Kura daryolari bo'ylab. "J": - Sovet Ittifoqining sobiq chegarasi.

1. What is the southernmost point of the continent?

A.CHelyuskin B.Rok b C. Piay D. Igna b
2. “From what language are the terms Europe and Asia derived?
A. Arabic B.Force C. Turkish D. Phoenicians
3. How many active geosynclinal zones are currently present on the Eurasian continent?
A. 2 B. 3 C 1 D.4
4.Which volcano is located in the Mediterranean region?
A.Ve4zuviy B.gekla C.Etna D. Stromboli
5. What percentage of the Eurasian continent is occupied by mountains?
A.40% B.50% c.60% d 30%
6. Which is the highest moving volcano on the Eurasian continent?
and Etna. b. Vesuvius. c. Kyuchi sopkasi d. Stromboli
7. How many basins does Eurasian water flow into?
a. 3 b 4 c 2 d 5
8. How many types of Eurasian rivers are divided according to their saturation?
a 4 b 2 c 5 d 3
9. Which is the deepest lake in the world 1620 m?
a. balxash b kaspiy c baykal d.Issiqkol
10. What ethnic groups live in Eurasia?
a Mongoloid, negroid b evropoid, mongoloid c avstraloid, mongoloid d evropoid, negroid

1.Materikning eng chekka janubiy nuqtasi qaysi?

A.CHelyuskin B.Rok b C. Piay D. Igna b
2."Yevropa va Osiyo atamalari qaysi tildan olingan ?
A. Arab B.Fors C. Turk D. Finikyaliklar
3.Xozirgi payda yevrosiyo materigida nechta faol geosinklinal mintaqa bor?
A. 2 B. 3 C 1 D.4
4.O'rta dengiz mintaqasida joylashgan vulqon qaysi?
A.Ve4zuviy B.gekla C.Etna D. Stromboli
5.yevrosiyo materigining necha foizini tog'lar egallaydi?
A.40 % B.50 % c.60 % d 30 %
6. yevrosiyo materigidagi eng baland harakatdagi vulqon qaysi ?
a Etna. b. Vezuviy. c. Kyuchi sopkasi d. Stromboli
7.yevrosiyo suvlarini nechta havzaga quyadi/
a. 3 b 4 c 2 d 5
8. yevrosiyo daryolari to'yinishiga ko'ra nechta tipga bo'linadi?
a 4 b 2 c 5 d 3
9. Dunyodagi chuqur ko'l 1620 m qaysi ?
a. balxash b kaspiy c baykal d.Issiqkol
10. yevrosiyoda asosan qaysi irqlarga xos aholi yashaydi?
a Mongoloid,negroid b yevropoid, mongoloid c avstraloid,mongoloid d yevropoid,negroid
1. How many countries are on the political map of the Eurasian continent?
A. 90 b 100 c 70 d 80
2. How many large natural geographical regions are the Eurasian region naturally divided into?
a 13 b 14 c 15 d 12
3. What is the total area of Eurasia?
a53 mln b56 mln c51 mln d 45 mln
4. What percentage of the Earth's surface is the Eurasian continent?
a. 37% b 40% c 45% d 49%
5. The lowest point of the Eurasian continent
a. Dead Sea b Death Valley c Lake Chad d Honey Lake
6. What is the rainiest region in the world?
a. Debuja b.melburn c. Cherapunja d.Dehli
7. January average temperature in Siberia?
a. - 30 b -48 c -35 d -50
8. What is the area of the Caspian Sea?
a 162,000 km b 376,000 km c 175,000 d 405,000
9. On which mountain is the Fedchenko Glacier located?
a Tyanshan b Karpat c Pomir d Alp
10. Where is the temperature -71 * c observed?
a Oymyakon b Debuja c Sibir d Tyanshan
1.yevrosiyo materigining siyosiy xaritasida nechtadan ortiq davlat bor ?
A. 90 b 100 c 70 d 80
2. Yevrosiyo xududi tabiiy jihatdan nechta yirik tabiiy geografik o'lkaga bo'linadi?
a 13 b 14 c 15 d 12
3. yevrosiyoning umumiy maydoni qancha ?
a53 mln b56 mln c51 mln d 45 mln
4.Yevrosiyo materigi yer yuzasining necha foizini tashkil etadi ?
a. 37 % b 40 % c 45 % d 49 %
5.yevrosiyo materigining eng past nuqtasi
a. O'lik dengizi b Ajal vodiysi c Chad ko'li d Asal ko'li
6. Dunyodagi eng ko'p yog'in tushadigan hudud qaysi?
a. Debuja b.melburn c. Cherapunja d.Dehli
7. Sibirda yanvar oyining o'rtacha harorati ?
a. - 30 b -48 c -35 d -50
8. Kaspiy ko'lining maydoni qancha/
a 162 000 km b 376 000 km c 175 000 d 405 000
9. Fedchenko muzligi qaysi tog'da joylashgan ?
a Tyanshan b Karpat c Pomir d Alp
10. -71* c harorat qaerda kuzatilgan ?
a Oymyakon b Debuja c Sibir d Tyanshan

1. Where is the Klyuchi Sopka volcano located?

a Sakhalin island b Chukotka or o c Kuril island d Kamchatka
2. What is the average July temperature in the Arabian Peninsula?
a + 28 * C b + 34 * C c + 30 * C d +32 * C
3. Where is the pole of cold in the Northern Hemisphere?
a. Yakutsk b Oymyakon c Krasnagorsk d Vladivostok
4. What is the height of the keyhole?
a 5265 m b 4900 c 4750 d 4500
5. In which regions of Eurasia are diamond deposits abundant?
a Ural, India, China b China, Iran, Ural c Yakutia, India d India, Ural, China
6. How many hot climates are there in Eurasia?
a 4 b 5 c 3 d 6
7. Which climate zone occupies the largest area in Eurasia?
a Moderate b Tropical c Subtropical d Subarctic
8. In what years did Marco Polo travel?
a 1271-1295 b 1872-1875 c 1466-1470 d 1804-1815
9. What type of climate belongs to the southern part of Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan?
a Dry subtropical b Moderate continental c nam subtropical d. Mediterranean
10. How many meters below sea level is the Ghor basin?
a 133 b 154 132 d 405

1.Klyuchi Sopkasi vulqoni qaerda joylashgan?

a Saxalin oroli b Chukotka ya o c Kuril oroli d Kamchatka
2. Arabiston yarim orolida iyul oyining o'rtacha harorati ?
a + 28* C b + 34 *C c +30* C d +32 *C
3.Shimoliy yarim sharda sovuqlik qutbi qaerda ?
a. Yakutsk b Oymyakon c Krasnagorsk d Vladivostok
4. Klyuchi sopkasining balandligi qancha ?
a 5265 m b 4900 c 4750 d 4500
5. Yevrosiyoning qaysi hududlarida olmos konlari ko'p ?
a Ural, hindiston, Xitoy b Xitoy, Eron, Ural c Yoqutiston, Xindiston d Xindiston, Ural, xitoy
6. Yevrosiyoda nechta issiq iqlim mintaqalari mavjud ?
a 4 b 5 c 3 d 6
7. Qaysi iqlim mintaqasi Yevrosiyoda eng katta maydonni egallaydi ?
a Mo'tadil b Tropik c Subtropik d Subarktika
8. Marko Polo nechanchi yillarda sayohat qilgan ?
a 1271-1295 -yil b 1872-1875 c 1466-1470 d 1804-1815
9.Turkmaniston va O'zbekistonning janubiy qismi qaysi iqlim tipiga kiradi ?
a Quruq subtropik b Mo'tadil kontinental c nam subtropik d. O'rta dengiz
10. Gxor botig'i dengiz sathidan necha metr pasda ?
a 133 b 154 132 d 405