English Synonyms and Antonyms

demonstrate? to prove? How do these two words agree and differ?
EXAMPLES.
There are two ways of reaching truth: by ----ing it out and by feeling it out.
In ----ing, too, the person owned his skill, For e'en tho vanquished, he could ---- still.
A matter of fact may be ----ed by adequate evidence; only a mathematical proposition can be ----ed.
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REASON, n. (page 302).
QUESTIONS.
1. How does cause differ from reason in the strict sense of each of the two words? 2. How is reason often
used so as to be a partial equivalent of cause?
EXAMPLES.
No one is at liberty to speak ill of another without a justifiable ----, even tho he knows he is speaking truth.
I am not only witty myself, but the ---- that wit is in other men.
Necessity is the ---- of tyrants; it is the creed of slaves.
Alas! how light a ---- may move Dissension between hearts that love!
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REASONING (page 303).
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
440

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QUESTIONS.
1. What do argumentation and debate ordinarily imply? 2. How does reasoning differ from both the above
words in this respect? 3. To what kind of reasoning were argument and argumentation formerly restricted?
How widely are the words now applied? 4. How do argument and argumentation compare with reasoning as
regards logical form?
EXAMPLES.
All ----, Inductive or Deductive, is a reaching of the unknown through the known; and where nothing
unknown is reached there is no ----.
Early at Bus'ness, and at Hazard late, Mad at a fox-chase, wise at a ----.
If thou continuest to take delight in idle ----, thou mayest be qualified to combat with the sophists, but never
know how to live with men.
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REFINEMENT (page 305).
QUESTIONS.
1. To what does civilization apply, and what does it denote? 2. What is refinement? 3. What is the primary
meaning of cultivation? the derived meaning? 4. By what word is cultivation now largely superseded? 5. What
does culture denote?
EXAMPLES.
What is ----? It is the humanization of man in society, the satisfaction for him in society of the true law of
human nature.
Giving up wrong pleasure is not self-sacrifice, but self-----.
This refined taste is the consequence of education and habit; we are born only with a capacity of entertaining
this ----.
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RELIABLE (page 306).
QUESTIONS.
1. What is to be said of the controversy regarding the formation and use of the word reliable? 2. What do
trusty and trustworthy denote? 3. How does reliable compare with these words? 4. What meaning may
reliable convey that trusty and trustworthy would not?
EXAMPLES.
Good lack! quoth he, yet bring it me My leathern belt likewise, In which I bear my ---- sword, When I do
exercise.
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
441

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The first voyage to America, of which we have any perfectly ---- account, was performed by the Norsemen.
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RELIGION (page 307).
QUESTIONS.
1. What is the original sense of piety? the derived sense? 2. What is religion? What does it include? 3. What is
worship? devotion? 4. What is morality? godliness? holiness? 5. How is theology related to religion?
EXAMPLES.
---- is man's belief in a being or beings, mightier than himself and inaccessible to his senses, but not
indifferent to his sentiments and actions, with the feelings and practises which flow from such belief.
----, whose soul sincere Fears God, and knows no other fear.
To deny the freedom of the will is to make ---- impossible.
Systematic ---- may be defined as the substance of the Christian faith in a scientific form.
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REND (page 309).
QUESTIONS.
1. To what are rend and tear usually applied? Which is the stronger word? 2. In what connection is rive used,
and in what sense? 3. What does lacerate signify? 4. How does mangle compare with lacerate? 5. What do