English Synonyms and Antonyms

Glut is a strong but somewhat coarse word applied to the utmost satisfaction of vehement appetites and
passions; as, to glut a vengeful spirit with slaughter; we speak of glutting the market with a supply so
excessive as to extinguish the demand. Much less than is needed to satisfy may suffice a frugal or abstemious
person; less than a sufficiency may content one of a patient and submissive spirit. Compare PAY; REQUITE.
Antonyms:
check, disappoint, restrain, starve, straiten, deny, refuse, restrict, stint, tantalize.
Prepositions:
Satisfy with food, with gifts, etc.; satisfy one (in the sense of make satisfaction) for labors and sacrifices;
satisfy oneself by or upon inquiry.
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SCHOLAR.
Synonyms:
disciple, learner, pupil, savant, student.
The primary sense of a scholar is one who is being schooled; thence the word passes to denote one who is apt
in school work, and finally one who is thoroughly schooled, master of what the schools can teach, an erudite,
accomplished person: when used without qualification, the word is generally understood in this latter sense;
as, he is manifestly a scholar. Pupil signifies one under the close personal supervision or instruction of a
teacher or tutor. Those under instruction in schools below the academic grade are technically and officially
termed pupils. The word pupil is uniformly so used in the Reports of the Commissioner of Education of the
United States, but popular American usage prefers scholar in the original sense; as, teachers and scholars
enjoyed a holiday. Those under instruction in Sunday-schools are uniformly designated as Sunday-school
scholars. Student is applied to those in the higher grades or courses of study, as the academic, collegiate,
scientific, etc. Student suggests less proficiency than scholar in the highest sense, the student being one who is
learning, the scholar one who has learned. On the other hand, student suggests less of personal supervision
than pupil; thus, the college student often becomes the private pupil of some instructor in special studies. For
disciple, etc., compare synonyms for ADHERENT.
Antonyms:
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
260

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dunce, fool, idiot, idler, ignoramus, illiterate person.
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SCIENCE.
Synonyms:
art, knowledge.
Knowledge of a single fact, not known as related to any other, or of many facts not known as having any
mutual relations or as comprehended under any general law, does not reach the meaning of science; science is
knowledge reduced to law and embodied in system. The knowledge of various countries gathered by an
observant traveler may be a heterogeneous medley of facts, which gain real value only when coordinated and
arranged by the man of science. Art always relates to something to be done, science to something to be
known. Not only must art be discriminated from science, but art in the industrial or mechanical sense must be
distinguished from art in the esthetic sense; the former aims chiefly at utility, the latter at beauty. The
mechanic arts are the province of the artisan, the esthetic or fine arts are the province of the artist; all the
industrial arts, as of weaving or printing, arithmetic or navigation, are governed by exact rules. Art in the
highest esthetic sense, while it makes use of rules, transcends all rule; no rules can be given for the production
of a painting like Raffael's "Transfiguration," a statue like the Apollo Belvedere, or a poem like the Iliad.