English Synonyms and Antonyms



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Native denotes that which belongs to one by birth; natal that which pertains to the event of birth; natural
denotes that which rests upon inherent qualities of character or being. We speak of one's native country, or of
his natal day; of natural ability, native genius. Compare INHERENT; PRIMEVAL; RADICAL.
Antonyms:
acquired, alien, artificial, assumed, foreign, unnatural.
* * * * *
NAUTICAL.
Synonyms:
marine, maritime, naval, ocean, oceanic.
Marine (L. mare, sea) signifies belonging to the ocean, maritime, a secondary derivative from the same root,
bordering on or connected with the ocean; as, marine products; marine animals; maritime nations; maritime
laws. Nautical (Gr. nautes, a sailor) denotes primarily anything connected with sailors, and hence with ships
or navigation; naval (L. navis, Gr. naus, a ship) refers to the armed force of a nation on the sea, and, by
extension, to similar forces on lakes and rivers; as, a naval force; a nautical almanac. Ocean, used adjectively,
is applied to that which belongs to or is part of the ocean; oceanic may be used in the same sense, but is
especially applied to that which borders on (or upon) or is connected with, or which is similar to or suggestive
of an ocean; we speak of ocean currents, oceanic islands, or, perhaps, of an oceanic intellect.
* * * * *
NEAT.
Synonyms:
clean, dapper, nice, prim, tidy, cleanly, natty, orderly, spruce, trim.
Synonyms and Antonyms, by James Champlin Fernald
202


That which is clean is simply free from soil or defilement of any kind. Things are orderly when in due relation
to other things; a room or desk is orderly when every article is in place; a person is orderly who habitually
keeps things so. Tidy denotes that which conforms to propriety in general; an unlaced shoe may be perfectly
clean, but is not tidy. Neat refers to that which is clean and tidy with nothing superfluous, conspicuous, or
showy, as when we speak of plain but neat attire; the same idea of freedom from the superfluous appears in
the phrases "a neat speech," "a neat turn," "a neat reply," etc. A clean cut has no ragged edges; a neat stroke
just does what is intended. Nice is stronger than neat, implying value and beauty; a cheap, coarse dress may
be perfectly neat, but would not be termed nice. Spruce is applied to the show and affectation of neatness with
a touch of smartness, and is always a term of mild contempt; as, a spruce serving man. Trim denotes a certain
shapely and elegant firmness, often with suppleness and grace; as, a trim suit; a trim figure. Prim applies to a
precise, formal, affected nicety. Dapper is spruce with the suggestion of smallness and slightness; natty, a
diminutive of neat, suggests minute elegance, with a tendency toward the exquisite; as, a dapper little fellow
in a natty business suit.
Antonyms:
dirty, negligent, slouchy, uncared for, disorderly, rough, slovenly, unkempt, dowdy, rude, soiled, untidy.
* * * * *
NECESSARY.
Synonyms:
essential, infallible, required, unavoidable, indispensable, needed, requisite, undeniable. inevitable, needful,
That is necessary which must exist, occur, or be true; which in the nature of things can not be otherwise. That
which is essential belongs to the essence of a thing, so that the thing can not exist in its completeness without
it; that which is indispensable may be only an adjunct, but it is one that can not be spared; vigorous health is

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