English for chemists

Section I
Ex. 1. Practise your pronunciation.
a) require [rTkwaio], completion [kom'pli:Jbn], extremely [iks'tri:mh], neutralization [,nju:trolai'zeijon], presumably [pri'zjuimobli], hydroxide [hai'droksatd], collision [кэ'Ьзэп], precipitate (n) [pn'sipitat], precipitate [pn'sipiteit] (v), appreciable [o'pri:Jobl], circumstancc ['s3:komstons], irradiation [i.reidt'ei/an], ultraviolet [.Altra'vaiaht], neutron ['nju:tron]

2. 
   thew'rateuof ajre\action, foruits„com\pletion, the„'numberuofu collisions, therejs^'littlc de\lay, itJsu'not un\usual, withu'visible\light
   

2. 
   On the 'other/Tiand, | ionic oxi'dation-rc'duction re'actions | are 'sometimes
   

'very \slow .

Ex. 2. Pay attention to the structure of the following words, translate them into Russian:

1. 
   ultraviolet, ultramodern, ultrashort, ultrasound, ultrasonic
   

2. 
   twofold,.threefold, fourfold, tenfold, manifold
   
3. 
   ferric — ferrous, nitric — nitrous, sulphuric — sulphurous, stannic — stannous
   

ф Ex. 3 . Define the meanings of the w ord other in the following sentences:

1. Chemists and other scientists use the word “theory” in two different senses. 2. The first meaning is “a hypothesis that has been verified”; the other meaning is “a systematic body of knowledge”. 3. On the basis of the experimental results of Priestley, Schcelc, and others, as well as some very fine experimental work of his own, Lavoisier established a new conccpt of combustion. 4. There arc more compounds of hydrogen known than of any other element. 5. Other conditions being equal, the conclusion was made that it proceeds faster. 6. The silver-grey coating on its surface is characteristic of selenium, anothervariety ofthe clement is rod. 7. There arc some reactions which procccd vciy quickly, on the other hand, there are other reactions which are extremely slow under the same conditions. 8. It is not easy for them to work together because they don’t like cach other. 9. The results that were obtained in this experiment arc not reliable, that implies that wc should tiy some other approach than we have just employed.
Ex. 4. Find the predicate, the subject and the object in the following sentences:
1. Wc could observe the solution changing colour with time. 2. Som catalysts acccleratc reactions, others make them procccd slower. 3. It was interesting to watch Dr. N demonstrating his experiments.

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Text 21 A