Education of the respublic of uzbekistan ferghana state university

1.2. Accuracy and its role in the classroom
All requirements for students in secondary school and at an early stage of education are aimed at the implementation of activity -based, student -centered approaches; development by students of intellectual and practical activities; mastering the knowledge and skills that are in demand in everyday life, significant for the social adaptation of the individual, his familiarization with the values of world culture.
When teaching a foreign language at school, the goal is unprepared oral speech. Students need to be taught to use the acquired language material to express their thoughts in accordance with the speech situation [7; 116].
The modern program makes high demands on the oral speech of schoolchildren.
The first requirement is content. The content for conversations, for stories, written essays is provided by books, paintings, excursions, trips, special observations, own reflections, experiences - all the life surrounding the child. The teacher helps younger students prepare the accumulated material, select it in accordance with a clearly expressed topic.
A story or essay should be built on facts well known to the student, on his observations, life experience, on information gleaned from books, pictures. Compositions based on creative imagination are also popular in the primary grades. In those cases when students are given an essay without sufficient preparation of its content, the texts turn out to be poor, vague.
The second requirement for speech is the logic of speech: consistency, validity of presentation, absence of omissions and repetitions, absence of anything superfluous that is not related to the topic, the presence of conclusions arising from the content. Logically correct speech presupposes the validity of conclusions, the ability not only to start, but also to complete the statement.
The third requirement - the accuracy of speech - implies the ability of the speaker or writer not only to convey facts, observations, feelings in accordance with reality, but also to choose the best language means for this purpose - such words, phrases, phraseological units, sentences that convey all the signs inherent in depicted.
Accuracy requires a wealth of linguistic means, their diversity, the ability to choose different words in different cases that are most suitable for the content.
You can only talk about what you know well. Then the student's story will be good, interesting, useful both to himself and to others, when it is built on knowledge of facts, on observations, when it expresses deliberate, non-fictional experiences. This seemingly obvious truth has to be repeated, because often at school children are asked to talk about what they do not know, what they are not ready for. Is it any wonder that their speech turns out to be poor, vague. However, the same children speak well, having accumulated the necessary material as a result of observations.
This implies the fourth requirement - the richness of linguistic means, their diversity, the ability to choose different synonyms in different situations, different sentence structures that best convey the content.
The fifth requirement is clarity of speech, i.e. its accessibility to the listener and reader, its focus on perception by the addressee. The speaker or writer, consciously or subconsciously, takes into account the capabilities, interests, and other qualities of the addressee of the speech. Speech is harmed by excessive confusion, excessive complexity of syntax; it is not recommended to overload speech with quotations, terms, "pretty things". Speech should be communicatively expedient, depending on the situation, on the purpose of the statement, on the conditions for the exchange of information.
Speech only affects the listener or reader when it is expressive (the sixth requirement).⁸
The expressiveness of speech is the ability to convey a thought clearly, convincingly, concisely, it is the ability to influence people with intonations, selection of facts, construction of a phrase, choice of words, general mood of the story. Both expressiveness and clarity of speech presuppose its purity, i.e. the absence of superfluous words (parasitic words): well, then, you understand, so to speak; rude colloquial words and expressions, unnecessary foreign words.
Oral speech affects the listener with intonations; both oral and written - the general mood of the story, the selection of facts, the choice of words, their emotional coloring, the construction of the phrase. Both clarity and expressiveness of speech also presuppose its purity, i.e. the absence of superfluous words, "parasite" words, colloquial words, etc.
(the seventh requirement) is especially important - its compliance with the literary norm.
Correct speech implies the validity of conclusions, the ability not only to start, but also to finish, complete the statement.
There are grammatical correctness (formation of morphological forms, construction of sentences), spelling and punctuation for written speech, and for oral - pronunciation, orthoepic. Of considerable importance for the correctness of speech is the choice of words, the logic of the statement.
Without the need to express their aspirations, feelings, thoughts, neither a small child nor humanity in its historical development would speak. Consequently, the methodological condition for the development of students' speech is the creation of situations that cause students to express their needs, desire and need to say something orally or in writing.
Speech only then affects the reader and listener with the necessary force when it is expressive [12;61].
These requirements are closely related to each other and act as a complex in the system of school work. The desire to comply with them develops in schoolchildren the ability to improve the culture of speech - to detect and correct the shortcomings of their oral statements.
All these requirements apply to the speech of younger students. A good speech can be obtained if the whole set of requirements is met.
Speech is the main means of human communication. Without it, a person would not be able to receive and transmit a large amount of information. Without written speech, a person would be deprived of the opportunity to find out how people of previous generations lived, thought and did [17;57].
According to its vital importance, speech has a multifunctional character. It is not only a means of communication, but also a means of thinking, a carrier of consciousness, memory, information (written texts), a means of controlling the behavior of other people and regulating a person’s own behavior. According to the set of its functions, speech is a polymorphic activity, i.e. in its various functional purposes, it is presented in different forms: external, internal, monologue, dialogue, written, oral, etc. Although all these forms of speech are interconnected, their vital purpose is not the same. External speech, for example, plays mainly the role of a means of communication, internal - a means of thinking. Written speech most often acts as a way of remembering information. The monologue serves the process of one-way, and the dialogue serves the two-way exchange of information.[ 1;47]
Grammar is of paramount importance in teaching a language, since it provides the formation of oral and written communication skills. The role of grammatical skills in teaching English is extremely important, since by teaching children to read, write and speak a foreign language, the school provides them with access to other national cultures at the same time. Grammar skills and abilities form the basis of language competence, without which our communication is not possible. Techniques with poetry can help to avoid monotony and monotony in working on grammatical material in a foreign language lesson.⁹
The modern school curriculum places high demands on the oral speech of schoolchildren. Speech is the main means of human communication. Good speech can be obtained if the whole complex of requirements is met: meaningfulness of speech, consistency, accuracy, richness of language means, expressiveness and correctness of speech. All requirements are aimed at mastering the knowledge and skills that are in demand in everyday life, significant for the social adaptation of the individual, his familiarization with the values of world culture.