Education of the republic of uzbekistan tashkent state technical university named after islam karimov

 
Research results and their discussion 
Analysis of the design of existing devices for cleaning seeds of cereal and leguminous 
crops showed that they are very complex in construction, require high energy and material costs. 
In addition, existing devices have limited functionality, that is, they are intended only for 
cleaning the seeds of a particular crop [9]. In this regard, on the basis of a patent search, analysis 
of the design of purification devices and earlier studies in this direction, we have developed a 
schematic diagram of an energy and resource-saving device for cleaning seeds of cereal and 
leguminous crops from various impurities, as well as weed seeds by separating them into 
fractions using air flow. 
A schematic diagram of the proposed energy and resource-saving device is shown in the 
Figure 1. The device consists of a loading hopper 1, a mechanism for adjusting the seed feed rate 
2, a pitched board 3, a mechanism for changing air flow rate 4, air duct 5, fan 6, receiving hopper 
7, frame 8, basis 9, electric motor 10 and clutch 11. 

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Mechanical Engineering
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The mechanism 2 provides regulation of the rate of supply of cleaned seeds, depending 
on their physical and mechanical properties. With the help of mechanism 4, you can change the 
speed of the air flow created by the fan 5. The receiving hopper 7 of the universal device can be 
divided into several fractions by installing cut-off devices on it. Since, under the influence of the 
air flow, large impurities, refined seeds, as well as weed seeds and small impurities, depending 
on the physical and mechanical properties, fall into different fractions. 
The principle of operation of the device is as follows. Depending on the physical and 
mechanical properties into the hopper 1 is loaded in the range of 100-150 kg cleaned seeds of 
cereal or leguminous crops. Then the device is connected to the network and with the help of the 
electric motor 10 and the clutch 11, the fan 6 is set in rotary motion. After that, the seeds to be 
cleaned with various impurities and weed seeds from the loading hopper 1 with the help of the 
mechanism 2 and the pitched board 3, fall into the air flow zone in a uniform layer, created by 
the fan 6. Getting into the air flow zone, depending on the ratio of the acting forces, the seeds to 
be cleaned with various impurities and seeds of weeds are scattered at different distances. For 
example, large impurities such as pieces of stones, iron, lumps of earth fall into the first fraction, 
clean seeds into the second fraction, lighter seeds into the third fraction, small, empty, burnt 
seeds, as well as weed seeds and small impurities into the fourth fraction [10].
In this case, by correctly choosing the coordinate of the axis of the separation plane of the 
receiving hopper 7, it is possible to clearly separate from each other the dispersed large 
impurities, cleaned seeds, lighter seeds, small impurities and weed seeds into several fractions. 
This allows you to get completely cleaned seeds. 
It should be noted that by changing the air flow rate with the mechanism 4 on the 
proposed device, 
can be qualitatively cleaned of various impurities, ranging from carrot seeds to 
pea seeds. Thus, using the proposed device, it is possible to cleanse the seeds of various cereal 
and leguminous crops from impurities and weeds, which ensures its versatility.