E. A. Abdalina, R. J. Hoshimova

Grammatika


The Subjunctive Mood (Sub’ektiv mayli)
The Conditional Sentences.

The Subjunctive Mood so`zlovchining ish-xarakatga bo`lgan xoxishi, istak, faraz qilish, shart qo`yish kabi munosabatlarini bildiradi. Boshqacha qilib aytganda, sub’ektiv mayldagi fe’llar ish-harakatning umuman noreal ekanligini ko`rsatadi va ikkinchi va uchinchi xil shart ergash gapli qo`shma gaplarda ishlatiladi.

Eslatma: Shart ergash gapning birinchi turi xaqida 11 darsda o`urganmiz.
Shart ergash gapli qo`shma gaplarning ikkinchi va uchinchi turi noreal (ya’ni amalga oshmaydigan) shartni o`z ichiga oladi va amalga oshish extimoli bo`lgan ish-harakatlarni ifodalaydi.


Bunday gaplarning ikkinchi turi hozirgi yoki kelasi zamonga tegishli bo`lgan ish-xarakatlarni bildiradi.

If I were a mathematician I could solve this theorem.
I should tell him everything if he came here now.

If she entered the University next year she could learn

Agar men matematik bo`lsam, bu teoremani echa olar edim.
Agar u xozir shu erga kelsa, men unga xamma narsani aytar edim.

Agar u universitetga kelasi yili kirsa, u ingliz tilini o`rgana olar edi.

Shart ergash gapli qo`shma gaplarning uchinchi turi o`tgan zamonga qarashli bo`lgan ish-xarakatni ifodalaydi, uzbek tiliga ...gan bo`lar edi, deb tarjima qilinadi.

If I had seen him yesterday he would have told me about it.

Agar men uni kecha ko`rganimda edi, u menga u narsa xaqida gapirib bergan bo`lar edi.

Ingliz tilida shart ergash gapli qo`shma gaplar quyidagicha tu­zi adi.

Bog`lovchilar	Ergash gapning kesimi	Bosh gapning kesimi
Unless, if, in case, provided that, on condition that	I turyda: Present and Past Tenses	Present, Past, Future Tenses
	II turyda: Past Indefinite Tense	should would fe’lning could + asosiy might shakli
	III turyda: Past Perfect Tense	should would Perfect could + Infinitive might