Dynamic Macroeconomics


 Optimal Monetary Policy and the Taylor Rule



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7-MAVZUGA (PUL-KREDIT SIYOSATI)

20.5 Optimal Monetary Policy and the Taylor Rule
We can now analyze interest rate rules and compare them to the optimal
monetary policy. Let us focus on the Taylor rule. As discussed in chapters
14–17, the principle of the Taylor interest rate rule requires the central bank
to set its target for the nominal interest rate as a function of three variables:
1. the natural nominal interest rate, which is the sum of the natural real
interest rate and the inflation target of the central bank,
2. deviations of current inflation from the inflation target of the central bank,
and
3. deviations of output from its natural rate.
Assume that this generalized Taylor rule takes the form
where 
ϕ
π
, ϕ
y
> 0.
14
By substituting 
(20.31)
 in the new neoclassical synthesis IS curve 
(20.1)
and then substituting in the expectations-augmented Phillips curve 
(20.2)
, we
get the following process for inflation:
where


Note that the inflationary process depends on both parameters of the Taylor
rule, because deviations of output from its natural rate cause unanticipated
inflation. In addition, the effects of productivity shocks on inflation also
depend on the parameters of the Taylor rule.
One can show that the process 
(20.32)
 is stable if 
γ
1

γ
2
<
1. A sufficient
condition for this is
Condition 
(20.33)
is the 
Taylor principle
mentioned in the analysis of the
new Keynesian models in chapters 16 and 17. If 
(20.33)
 is satisfied, then the
rational expectations solution of the inflation equation 
(20.32)
 is given by
From 
(20.34)
, the fluctuations of inflation around the target of the monetary
authorities 
π
*
only depend on the current innovation in productivity, as is the
case for the optimal policy analyzed in section 20.3.
The Taylor rule 
(20.31)
 would be equivalent to the optimal policy, if 
γ
1
was equal to the optimal response of inflation to innovations in productivity
ψ
in equation 
(20.26)
. From the definition of 
ψ
in 
(20.17)
 and the definition
of 
γ
1
in 
(20.32)
, this requires that 
ϕ
π
and 
ϕ
y
must satisfy
As long as the policy parameters are chosen to satisfy 
(20.35)
, a Taylor rule
can fully replicate the optimal policy in this model.
Solving 
(20.35)
 for the optimal 
ϕ
π
, we get
From 
(20.36)

ϕ
y
must be chosen so that 
ϕ
π
> 1, which requires


Thus, any pair of 
ϕ
π
and 
ϕ
y
that satisfies 
(20.36)
 results in an optimal Taylor
rule.
Note that the Taylor rule specified in 
(20.31)
 is not the constant intercept
rule proposed by Taylor [1993, 1999] but a rule that also requires the
nominal interest rate to respond to changes in the natural real interest rate.
The constant intercept Taylor rule is not an optimal rule if there are
fluctuations in the natural real interest rate, due to productivity or other real
shocks, as in our model.
15

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