Dr. Carlos F. Márquez Linares Dr. Enrique F. Quero Gervilla Doctoral Programme in Languages, Texts and Contexts Faculty of Translation and Interpreting university of granada

Excluding Synonyms

Since terms should be as concrete as possible, the principle of excluding synonyms is also applicable to terminological processes. Synonyms in terminology are “duplicates”, which excludes variability regarding connotation: emotional, expressive meanings etc. (Vinogradov & Platonova, 1999). Duplicates are “full synonyms” (Vinogradov & Platonova, 1999) and unstable variants, which appear as preliminary steps of designation, e.g. performance charter/pledge (UN-1)d;ufciiary trust/ responsibi lity; shareholder of record, stockholder of record, holder of record, owner of record (Corporate Governance in Russia¹); lead bank/book runner/loan underwriter (Venture Glossary). “Partial synonyms” (Vinogradov & Platonova, 1999) can be observed in terminologies but they are rare: “инструкция – объяснение – руководство – наставление – указание – памятка” (instrukcija-ob"jasnenie-rukovodstvo-nastavlenie- ukazanie-pamjatka; L.t.: an instruction-an explanation-a manual (a guide)-directions-an order-a memo) (Vinogradov & Platonova, 1999), by-laws – regulations – rules – procedures. The majority of problems related to synonyms are concentrated at the phonetics, syntax and morphology levels, which violate the single form requirement, e.g. the terms used in Architecture: “граффитто — графитто — сграффито” (graffitto — grafitto — sgraffito; L.t.: a graffito) (Vinogradov & Platonova, 1999).

¹ Investor Protection Association. (2000-2002). Corporate Governance in Russia. Corporate Governance Glossary.

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