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RECOMMENDED TRANSLATION: Pure DT
Компания, акции которой котируются на бирже (биржах) Kompanija, akcii kotoroj kotirujutsya na birzhe (birzhah) L.t.: a company, whose shares are quoted on a stock exchange Or Direct Loan +DT
Kомпания, включенная в листинг фондовой биржи
Kompanija, vkluchennaja v listing fondovoj birzhi
L.t.: a company, included in the listing of a stock exchange
Or Pure DT (close to Additional or Irrelevant Components method) Компания, чьи акции торгуются на (фондовой) бирже/рынке (Ruscorpora) Kompanija, ch’i akcii torgujutsja na (fondovoj) birzhe
L.t.: a company whose shares are being traded on a stock exchange
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The term listed company contains an abundance of semantic components within a dense and concise term form: it is not the company which is listed, but its shares on a certain stock exchange (see the definition in table 8). Such a form represents a challenge for translation into Russian. In addition to this, the term component listed is semantically dense and innovative in its form.
The factors above entail the use of DT with a wide range of variations in Russian. First of all, the term component listed has different equivalents in Russian: котирующийся, зарегистрированный, включённый, etc. (kotirujushhijsya, zaregistrirovannyj, vkljuchennyj; L.t.: quoted, registered and included). Secondly, retrieving the semantic component “shares” triggers participial constructions or descriptive constructions employing “чей”, “который” (chej, kotoryj; L.t.: whose, which). Among all the possible translations with Pure Descriptive form, the Russian term компания, акции которой котируются на бирже (Ruscorpora) (биржах) (kompanija, akcii kotoroj kotirujutsja na birzhe (birzhah); L.t.: a company, whose shares are quoted on a stock exchange) is used relatively frequently and can be found in 15 Ruscorpora documents (see table 8). The term was retrieved from Ruscorpora after the analysis of the term компания, акции которой котируются на фондовой бирже (Academic) (kompanija akcii kotoroj kotirujutsja na fondovoj birzhe; L.t.: a company whose shares are rated on a stock exchange). The term can be found in a total of 6 Ruscorpora documents, which indicates that the term component “фондовый” (fondovyj, stock) is not essential for the descriptive form in Russian.
In addition, the analysis revealed the most frequently used descriptive term: компания, чьи акции торгуются на (фондовой) бирже/рынке (Ruscorpora) (kompanija, ch’i akcii torgujutsja na (fondovoj) birzhe; L.t.: a company whose shares are being traded on a stock exchange). It is used in a total of 29 Ruscorpora documents, which could be the reason for the recommendation of this term as the relevant translation. Nevertheless, the term component “чей” (chej, whose) does not seem appropriate for the form of this term. It makes the term form close to the verbal definition.
The attributive construction in Russian is also possible in this case, which is proved by the term created using Direct Loan (with assimilation): листинговая компания (IFC) (listingovaja kompanija; L.t.: a listing company). The first term component is based on a term which has been already incorporated into Russian: “листинг” (listing) and the suffix “–ова-“, used for adjectives. In English, listing stands for “something that is listed” (Merriam-Webster). One of the business definitions of listing is as follows: “acceptance of a qualifying security for trading over a stock exchange.” (Business Dictionary) The definitions mentioned above indicate that the form of the term листинговая компания is justifiable and practical. In spite of this fact, the term did not prove efficient according to its use in Ruscorpora, where it is not represented at all. Nevertheless, the term is used on the Internet (see table 8), which means that the term is still in the process of stabilization within Russian. This is also proved by the use of descriptive translation with the term component retrieved by Direct Loan: компания, включенная в листинг фондовой биржи (IFC) (kompanija, vkluchennaja v listing fondovoj birzhi; L.t.: a company, included in the listing of a stock exchange). This term can be found in as many as 8 Ruscorpora documents, surpassing the use of terms with a similar form: компания (фирма), акции которой включены в листинг (фондовой биржи) (Ruscorpora) (kompanija (firma), akcii kotoroj vkljucheny v listing (fondovoj byrzhi); L.t.: a company (a firm), whose shares are included in the listing) and компания, внесённая в листинг фондовой биржи (kompanija, vnesennaja v listing fondovoj birzhy; L.t.: a company introduced in the listing of stock exchange) (see table 8). It is interesting to note that the recommended translation for the previously mentioned term to go public is as follows: (быть) включённым в листинг фондовой биржи (Ruscorpora) ((byt’) vkljuchjonnym v listing fondovoj birzhi; L.t.: to be included into the listing of a stock exchange) (see table 5). It highlights the frequency of the use of the term component “включённый” (vkluchjonnyj, included). Accordingly, the terms containing other equivalents of the component, i.e. “quoted”, “included”, “registered”, are of less practical use within the field.
The analysis of the translation of the term listed company revealed 3 frequently used translation methods: Pure DT, Direct Loan and DT, and Pure DT close to Additional or Irrelevant Components (see table 8/recommended translation). All the terms are frequently used; however, the term created using Direct Loan and Pure DT has an advantage over the others,
being innovative, relatively concise and easy to use: компания, включенная в листинг фондовой биржи (kompanija, vkluchennaja v listing fondovoj birzhi; L.t.: a company, included in the listing of a stock exchange).
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