Differences between teaching methods and principles

3)            Teach from observation to reasoning:- Let the learners observe a thing or function then allow them to think (reason) what it is, how it is working, what is the principle etc.

By the process, their thinking and understanding ability will increase. This is based on the laws of association, purpose, and understanding.  

4)            Teach from general to particular: - At first about a subject matter or a machine etc. is given a general and common idea. This helps to prepare his mind and form an idea about the subject. Then teach him the specific items by items, as his mind is already prepared, his understanding and grasping capacity will be more.

This is based on the laws of readiness, association, and understanding.

5)            Teach from whole to parts and parts to whole again: - At first teach the whole machine or so, its use, performance etc.  Then teach the learner’s gradually step-by-step different parts and their functions etc.

But in the end, the parts should be united or assembled to give the shape of the whole machine.  So otherwise, learners forget the things.  This is based on the laws of association, and understanding.  

6)            Teach from concrete to abstract: - In cases where the mental idea is to form (like energy, power etc.) then at first give an idea or teach him to form a mental idea about the things. This is based on the laws of “association” and understanding.  

7)            Teach from learner’s level: - Any teaching should be done according to the mental and physical ability of learner.  If it is beyond his capacity, he cannot learn. This is based on the laws of understanding and satisfaction.

8)            Give practice for perfection: - In any teaching arrangement for doing (Practice) of the learners. Arrange for repeating (more practice). If a man does more practice his learning will be more perfect.