Differences between Spoken Discourse and Written Discourse



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Difference between written and spoken discourse

6. Spontaneity 

View
:
a.
Spoken
discourse 
lacks 
organization
 
and is 
ungrammatical
because it is spontaneous, 
whereas 
written 
discourse is organized and 
grammatical.
b.
Spoken
discourse contains more 
uncompleted 
(fragments) and reformulated 
sentences 
c.
Topics
can be 
changed
in the middle. 
d.
Speakers may 
overlap
and 
interrupt 
each 
other
.


6. Spontaneity

Rebuttal

Spoken discourse 
is organised
, but it is organised differently 
from written discourse. 

When we 
change 
the topic, there is an indication
(e.g. By 
the way…etc) 
which means that we are aware that there is 
a structure that we should follow, so change is not made 
haphazardly. Speakers signal change. 

When we 
interrupt,
we use expressions like 
“ I don‟t 
mean to interrupt but…”
which expresses an apology. This 
shows that we are aware of the system. Usually, there is a 
structure, but it is not written anywhere. People follow it, 
and when they don‟t, it is marked. 

When 
overlapping
occurs, usually one of the participants 
stops. 


7. Repetition, Hesitation, and Redundancy 

View

a.
Spoken
discourse contains more 
repetition, hesitations, and redundancy 
because it is produced in 
real time 
(i.e. 
on the spot). 
b.
Spoken discourse has many 
pauses
and 
fillers
, such as „
hhh
‟, „
er
‟ and „
you know
‟ so 
that speakers give themselves time to 
think about what they want to say. 


Example

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