Development of ideas by Adam Smith First Published in 2015

Traditional Customs 
Traditional customs are still important during weddings and religious festivals 
People wear traditional costumes and eat special ethnic foods 
It is important to maintain our different cultural identities 
We should celebrate festivals, teach traditional skills and protect historic 
places 
 
 

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 IELTS
 JOURNAL
46 
22. Transport 
Traffic Problems 
Traffic congestion is caused by commuters travelling to work 
Most people live in the suburbs outside city center 
Commuters tend to travel at the same time of day 
They tend to travel alone 
Cars and road space are not used efficiently 
This causes traffic jams during the rush hour 
Traffic Solutions 
In order to reduce traffic we should change our working habits 
The internet can now be used to connect people 
More people could work from home 
Meetings can be held as video conferences 
Workers could be given flexible timetables 
Another solution would be to tax drivers 
Workers should share their cars and travel together 
In London, for example, there is a congestion charge 
This helps to raise money for better public transport 
Public transport needs to be reliable and efficient 
Positives of Public Transport 
We need to reduce our dependence on cars 
Parking a car can be extremely difficult in big cities 
Well-designed transport systems are comfortable and convenient 
Modern public transport can be fast and cheap 
Public transport can help to reduce pollution in cities 
Investment in buses and trains will ease traffic congestion 
Buses can be given special lanes to avoid traffic 
Negatives of Public Transport 
Public transport if often slow and unreliable 
Metro systems and trains are often dirty and crowded 
People feel like sardines in a can 
Cars are much more comfortable