Designing Video-Based Interactive Instructions

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• Capture
• Editing

Table 6.1: Background information about interview participants. * Numbers of videos published on personal YouTube channels, excluding those on the professional channels.

Capture

Except for the team (P6), all of the participants record demonstrations individually without any assistants. P2–P6 use a single video camera, while P1 uses an extra camera to capture closeup shots. To keep the recording process simple, the amateur authors tend to capture demonstrations in one uninterrupted take, narrating the action as they go. Naturally, such recordings often include mistakes (e.g., walking out of frame to retrieve a forgotten tool) and long, repetitive actions. In contrast, the professional authors create a script beforehand and record the narration separately.

Editing

All of the participants mentioned the importance of editing the final video tutorial down to a reasonable length (5–10 minutes). The goal is to provide enough information to understand the demonstration, but at the same time keep the video lively and interesting. P2 described his strategy as follows: “If you can get rid of it and the video content still gets through, get rid of it”; “The way to make your video sizzle is to have good cuts, good points.” As a result, authors spend much of their editing time deciding on cuts, segmenting the video, removing and merging shots, and adding visual effects to speed up repetitive actions. They also take time to add subtitles and annotations. As P4 explained, “the filming is the easiest part; it is the editing that’s the challenge.” Overall, participants reported that filming time takes from one hour up to one day, and editing time typically takes 6–12 hours, depending on the the complexity of the project.

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