D. U. Ashurova m. R. Galieva cognitive linguistics


Bad words have a negative influence on the people



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D. U. Ashurova m. R. Galieva cognitive linguistics

Bad words have a negative influence on the people

A broken bone can heal, but the wound a word opens fester forever (J. West); Tart words make no friends, a spoonfool of honey will catch more flies than a gallon of vinegar (B. Franklin); Ill deeds are doubled with an evil word (W. Shackespeare)
But from sharp words and wits men pluck no fruit
Аnd gathering thorns they shakе the tree at root (A. Swinburne);

  • Uttered word can never be changed or recalled:

What you keep by you, you may change and mend;
But words once spoken can never be recalled
(Wentworth Dillon)
Our words have wings,
But fly not where we would (G. Eliot);

  • Words are changeable and hypocritical

Words are chameleons, which reflect the colour of their enviroinment (L. Hand); A word is not a crystal, transparent and unchanged; it is the skin of a living thought, and may vary greatly in colour and content according to the circumstances and the time in which it is used (O. W. Holmes);
So, the conceptual analysis of the concept “Word” shows that this concept is verbalized at the level of different linguistic units: from lexemes to texts, generating new conceptual senses, associations and connotations; its conceptual structure is presented by a great variety of conceptual features embracing linguistic, philosophical, religious, ethic zones, and expressing both positive and negative evaluation (see diagramms):

Language speech
Linguistic, philological, etymological, analytic, literary, standard, spoken, written, current, colloquial, living, slangy, common, archaic, dead, idiomatic, unidiomatic, broad, provincial, special, agonistic, local, technical, unliterary, rhetoric, scientific.


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