Cutting- edge science

August | 2020
CUTTING- EDGE SCIENCE
philosophers of the past have always emphasized the connection between language and
the thought process. The famous eighteenth-century philosopher Immanuel Kant writes:
"To think is to speak to oneself ... to hear oneself (by imagining what is remembered)
inwardly" [4,9]. When desire, hatred, hope, and fear arise in the human heart for the
same thing, and the idea of the good and bad consequences of whether or not that thing
emerges alternates in our minds ... the desires, hatred, hope, and fear that are exchanged
in our hearts all come true. the period elapsed before it is increased is called the period
of reflection" [5,6].
Because through them the evolution of knowledge related to the development of
language from the beginning to the present day, its connection with consciousness and
thinking, and its functions is observed. Throughout his life, humanity has treated itself
and its language within the framework of its life experiences and the knowledge gained
on this basis.
References
1.Petrenko V.F. Basics of psychosemantics. Ed. Moscow University. 1997.
2.Rubinstein S.L. Fundamentals of General Psychology. In two volumes. Volume 1.
"Pedagogy" Moscow. 1989.
3.Rubinstein S.L. Fundamentals of General Psychology. In two volumes. Volume 1.
"Pedagogy" Moscow. 1989.
4.Panov E. N. Signs, symbols, languages. Moscow. "The science". 1980.
5.Arutyunova N.D Practical reasoning and language. Sat: "The essence, development
and functions of language." Moscow. "The science". 1987.

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CUTTING- EDGE SCIENCE
August | 2020
DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF PRONUNCIATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGES
National university of Uzbekistan
Senior Lecturer: 
Akhrarova F. Band Abdullaeva Z.M.
Abstract.In this academic paper, pronunciation teaching is examined from a historical
point of view. In more detail, the article concentrates on the role of pronunciation within
different approaches to foreign language teaching, and it tracks important changes in
methods of pronunciation training and the most salient shifts in general principles, overall
goals, and foci of pronunciation teaching.
Keywords: classroom practices, foreign language teachers, pronunciation, teacher beliefs,
teacher questionnaire
The foreign language is well-defined by many prominent scholars in foreign countries
and the United States. In this article, however, we shall try to follow the conception
introduced by scientists. The sociolinguistic situation in some countries is very complicated.
It is molded by certain linguistic, cultural, historic, demographic, geographic, political
and other factors. For example: America, Germany, French and USA.
Generally speaking, the situation in the USA may be characterized as exoglossic, i.e.
having several languages on the same territory, the balance being in favor of American
English. It is true, of course, that the formation of the American Standard underwent the
influence of minorities' languages, but its starting point was the English language of the
early 17th century. However, time has passed, American English has drifted considerably
from English though as yet not enough to give us ground to speak of two different
languages. Thus we speak of the national variant of English in America. Foreign language
shows a lesser degree of dialect than British English due to some historical factors: the
existence of Standard English when first English settlers came to America, the high
mobility of population, internal migrations of different communities and so on. As
regards pronunciation, however, it is not at all homogeneous. There are certain varieties
of educated American speech. In the USA three main types of cultivated speech are
recognized: the Eastern type, the Southern type and Western or General American.
1. The Eastern type is spoken in New England, and in New York city. It bears a
remarkable resemblance to Southern English, though there are, of course, some slight
differences.
2. The Southern type is used in the South and South-East of the USA. It possesses a
striking distinctive feature - vowel drawl, which is a specific way of pronouncing vowels,
consisting in the di phthongization and even di phthongization of some pure vowels and
monophthongization of some di phthongs at the expense of prolonging ("drawling")
their nuclei and dropping the glides.
3. The third type of educated American speech is General American (GA), also
known as Northern American or Western American spoken in the central Atlantic
States: New York, New Jersey, Wisconsin and others. GA pronunciation is known to be
the pronunciation standard of the USA. There are some reasons for it. GA is the form of
speech used by the radio and television. It is mostly used in scientific, cultural and
business intercourse. Also in two important business centers GA is the prevailing forms
of speech and pronunciation, though New York is situated within the territory where
Eastern American is spoken, and St. Louis is within the region of Southern American. In
this chapter we shall give an outline of GA accent. We will then point to differences
between this accent and RP.
1. There is no strict division of vowels into long and short in GA, though some

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