Customs of uzbek people

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CUSTOMS OF UZBEK PEOPLE

CUSTOMS OF UZBEK PEOPLE

Customs and traditions of the Uzbek people have been forming for centuries. They are very distinctive, impressive and different, dating back to different epochs and religions. Initial formation of Uzbek culture dates back to the 6th-7th centuries BC, by that time nomadic tribes shifted to a settled way of life in the valleys of Amu Darya, Syr Darya and Zarafshan and founded first states. Former nomads founded settlements and cities, bringing with them customs and traditions based on ancient cults of their ancestors.

Territory of modern Uzbekistan, Transoxiana, being parts of ancient states – Khorezm, Sogdiana, Bactria - became the basis for formation of culture, which subsequently became the basis of Uzbek culture.
Over centuries, traditions and customs of Uzbek people remained almost unchanged despite the desire of many invaders to impose alien culture on.

For every family it is a great holiday. All relatives, neighbors and family friends are involved in the preparation to the beshik-tui.
It is celebrated on the fortieth day after birthday of a child. Relatives of the young mother bring “beshik”, a beautifully embollished cradle, clothes, and everything necessary for a newborn. Also it is a custom to bring bread, sweets and toys, wrapped in clothes.

Khatna-kilish or Sunnat Tui is an ancient rite of circumcision. Preparations for this rite begin since the birth of a boy: members of the family sew quilts, covers, garments. The rite is performed when the boy reaches three, five, seven or nine years old and very seldom when he is 11-12 years old.

In Uzbek families a wedding is preceded by the ceremony of engagement, Fatikha-Tui. The engagement is performed with the permission of parents of a bride and groom. In former times, when a boy came of age, his relatives, neighbors and friends began looking for a bride for him. Selecting a girl, aunts of the groom, or mother at least, came to the house of a bride under some pretext to get to know about the girl, her parents, asked neighbors about the family of the girl. If this information satisfied the relatives of the groom, soon they sent matchmakers to the bride.

Nikokh-Tui, wedding, is the most solemn and large Uzbek ceremony. Traditionally Uzbek people celebrate weddings very richly and cheerfully with peculiar splendor and abundance of guests. Immediate and remote relatives, neighbors, friends and co-workers are invited to this wedding ceremony.

One of the old and binding ceremonies is morning plov. The big plov is cooked for hundred of guests when a child is born, during a circumcision event, in honor of a man returning from the military service, in the early morning of a wedding day, when one turns the age of the Prophet (63 years old), funeral repast and many other major evetns. The day of the morning plov is fixed in advance and organizers disseminate invites to their relatives, friends, colleagues and neighbours.

Hospitality is one of Uzbekistan features. Hospitality in Uzbek families is appreciated higher than the wealth of a table and prosperity of the family. Not to receive a guest means to disgrace the family, kin and makhalla.
Hosts welcome esteemed guests at the gate. As a rule, men shake hands to each other and show their interest in each-other's health, business and other things. It is appropriate to greet women with slight bow, attaching right hand over the heart.

Traditional festival entertainments can be distinguished into a separate category among different traditions of Central Asian people. These are, of course, dances, songs, also puppet shows, wrestling, horse racing and performances by equilibrists - darboz as they are called in the East.
On the territory of Uzbekistan this kind of circus performances was spread in the early middle ages. Rope dancers’ shows always attracted huge numbers of people. Previously, they were held in the bazaars or large squares. No holiday was celebrated without equilibrist show. They gathered all the people from young to old, the shows were often visited by local city administration.

Kurash (translated as “attaining a goal by fair means”) is a kind of national waist belt fight, traditional among the Turkic peoples officially included in the world’s network of non-Olympic sports and supported by UNESCO. This kind of single combats originated in the territory of Uzbekistan presumably about 3,500 years ago. In the ancient legendary epos Alpomysh, kurash is mentioned as the most popular and favorite kinds of single combat. Whereas historian and philosopher Herodotus in his work “History”, described kurash in detail among other customs and traditions of ancient Uzbekistan.

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