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7. The Sinusoidal Steady-State Response 
7.1
7.1 Transient State and Steady-State in Circuits 
7.2
7.1.1 Governing Differential Equation of Circuits – Examples 
7.3
7.1.2 Solution of the Circuit Differential Equation 
7.4
7.1.3 Complete Response with Sinusoidal Excitation 
7.5
7.2 The Complex Exponential Forcing Function 
7.7
7.2.1 Sinusoidal Steady-State Response from Response to e 
j
w
t
7.7
7.2.2 Steady-State Solution to e 
j
w
t 
and the j
w
 Operator 
7.8
7.3 Sinusoidal Steady-State Response Using Complex Exponential Input 
7.10
7.4 The Phasor Concept 
7.11
7.4.1 Kirchhoff’s Laws in Terms of Complex Amplitudes
7.12
7.4.2 Element Relations in Terms of Complex Amplitudes 
7.13
7.4.3 The Phasor 
7.14
7.5 Transforming a Circuit into Phasor Equivalent Circuit 
7.15
7.5.1 Phasor Impedance, Phasor Admittance and Phasor Equivalent Circuit 
7.15
7.6 Sinusoidal Steady-State Response from Phasor Equivalent Circuit 
7.17
7.6.1 Comparison between memoryless Circuits and Phasor
Equivalent Circuits 
7.18
7.6.2 Nodal Analysis and mesh Analysis of Phasor Equivalent
Circuits – Examples 
7.19
7.7 Circuit Theorems in Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis 
7.32
7.7.1 maximum Power Transfer Theorem for Sinusoidal Steady-State
 
Condition 
7.32
7.8 Phasor Diagrams 
7.36
7.9 Apparent Power, Active Power, Reactive Power and Power Factor 
7.43
7.9.1 Active and Reactive Components of Current Phasor 
7.45
7.9.2 Reactive Power and the Power Triangle 
7.46
7.10 Complex Power Under Sinusoidal Steady-State Condition 
7.49
7.11 Summary 
7.53
7.12 Problems 
7.55