Coherence and Cohesion in English Discourse

participate substantially in the processes of both meaning creation and meaning 
interpretation.
2 Production vs. consumption
The processes of newspaper discourse production (including meaning 
creation) by journalists/newspapers are at least to a certain extent based on 
and influenced by the so-called ‘implied readership/
audience’ (e.g. Richardson 
2007). A newspaper’s and a journalist’s mission in general should be to provide 
factual and objective news accounts, and yet various newspapers will not report 
on the same event in the same way. It should be mentioned here that ‘objectivity’ 
in 
newspaper discourse is extremely difficult, if not impossible, to define and 
achieve in practice. In Fowler’s (1991) view, for example, everything is presented 
from a certain point of view, i.e. not by neutral authority but by people. Fowler, 
who is particularly interested in the social character and social role of language in 
mediating and promoting ideology, claims that news production involves constant 
judgements; journalists and editors make constant choices as to the content of the 
newspaper, inclusion and exclusion of information as well as language choices. 
Among other things, these seem to be at least partly influenced by the ‘expected/
implied’ 
audience. If a newspaper is to fight other newspapers (i.e. its business 
competitors) successfully and sustain its position in the newspaper market it 
must delimit its readership with their assumed expectations, tastes, views and 
preferences, which will all play a role in deriving coherence from a particular 
text or discourse. Even in newspaper reports, which are not primarily associated 
with views unlike editorials or columns, certain messages as to social views 
and attitudes are communicated ‘between the lines’ and these are consistent 
with the editorial line of the newspaper, which is determined at least partly by 
its ‘implied’ or ‘intended’ audience. This is not to suggest that the readers of a