Cognitive factors in learning: transfer, interference and overgeneralization

In Japanese, there is no sound “l”, therefore Japanese people pronounce the word “love” as “robi”; In Uzbek, silent sounds occur mainly with constants, thus when Uzbek learners pronounce words as “write”, “scope” and “wide”, they forget about silent vowels in English and pronounce last “e” as well. Consequently, mispronounced words cause mistakes in the target language.

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  In Japanese, there is no sound “l”, therefore Japanese people pronounce the word “love” as “robi”; In Uzbek, silent sounds occur mainly with constants, thus when Uzbek learners pronounce words as “write”, “scope” and “wide”, they forget about silent vowels in English and pronounce last “e” as well. Consequently, mispronounced words cause mistakes in the target language.
  

Phonetics