Children infectious diseases

Staphylococcus

E.coli

503. 
     Viral croup is mostly developed:
     
     1. 
        *at night
        
     2. 
        in the afternoon
        
     3. 
        in the evening
        
     4. 
        in the morning
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

504. 
     Name a leading syndrome at patients with the RS-infection (for children of early age):
     
     1. 
        Toxic.
        
     2. 
        Catarrhal syndrome of UR-tract.
        
     3. 
        *Obstructive.
        
     4. 
        Asthenia.
        
     5. 
        Dyspepsia.
        

505. 
     Name favorable conditions for massive flu distribution:
     
     1. 
        steady typospecific immunity;
        
     2. 
        long latent period;
        
     3. 
        *droplet mechanism of transmission;
        
     4. 
        low receptivity to the flu
        
     5. 
        electoral receptivity to the flu
        

506. 
     Name indications to administer antibiotics in case of the false croup:
     
     1. 
        concomitant catarrhal syndrome;
        
     2. 
        *stenosis of the ІІІ-ІV degree;
        
     3. 
        high fever;
        
     4. 
        for the prophylaxis of bacterial complications
        
     5. 
        antibiotic is not appointed.
        

507. 
     Name the flu main signs
     
     1. 
        *expressed intoxication syndrome with the CNS, cardio-vascular system damage;
        
     2. 
        low fever;
        
     3. 
        expressed catarrhal symptom;
        
     4. 
        laryngitis;
        
     5. 
        obstructive bronchitis.
        

508. 
     Name the main route of infection penetration in pneumonia:
     
     1. 
        *bronchogenous
        
     2. 
        hematogenous
        
     3. 
        lymphogenous
        
     4. 
        mixed
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

509. 
     Name the most common cause of bronchitis.
     
     1. 
        *viruses
        
     2. 
        fungi
        
     3. 
        bacteria
        
     4. 
        vermin
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

510. 
     Neuraminidase activity is absent in:
     
     1. 
        Virus of influenza A
        
     2. 
        Virus of influenza B
        
     3. 
        *Virus of influenza С
        
     4. 
        All of these viruses
        
     5. 
        None of these viruses
        

511. 
     Instable perioral cyanosis is characteristic for:
     
     1. 
        *Respiratory insufficiency 1 degree.
        
     2. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 0 degree.
        
     3. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree.
        
     4. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree.
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

512. 
     Obstructive respiratory failure is caused by:
     
     1. 
        *development of the respiratory tract mucous edema
        
     2. 
        alveolar lesion
        
     3. 
        violation of the breathing neuromuscular control
        
     4. 
        capillary pulmonary circulation lesion
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

513. 
     Parenchymatous respiratory failure is caused by:
     
     1. 
        *lesion of the alveoli and capillary pulmonary circulation
        
     2. 
        changes in respiratory muscle
        
     3. 
        compression of the airway from the outside
        
     4. 
        impairment of the respiratory center
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

514. 
     Pneumococcus is completely resistant to:
     
     1. 
        *aminoglycosides
        
     2. 
        penicillins
        
     3. 
        macrolides
        
     4. 
        cephalosporins
        
     5. 
        fluoroquinolones
        

515. 
     Radiological signs of acute bronchitis are:
     
     1. 
        *symmetrical intensification of lung pattern
        
     2. 
        symmetrical attenuation of lung pattern
        
     3. 
        symmetrical intensification of lung pattern with small focal hilar infiltration
        
     4. 
        symmetrical intensification of lung pattern in hilar and lower medial zones
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

516. 
     Rhinoviruses belong to the family of:
     
     1. 
        paramyxoviruses.
        
     2. 
        *picornaviruses.
        
     3. 
        poxviruses.
        
     4. 
        orthomyxoviruses.
        
     5. 
        adenoviruses.
        

517. 
     Rhinoviruses cause at people:
     
     1. 
        *common cold
        
     2. 
        obstructive bronchitis
        
     3. 
        bronchiolitis
        
     4. 
        pneumonia
        
     5. 
        tracheitis
        

518. 
     RS-infection often causes bronchiolitis in:
     
     1. 
        *infants
        
     2. 
        preschoolers
        
     3. 
        toddlers
        
     4. 
        adolescents
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

519. 
     Shortening of the percussion sounds in infants with focal pneumonia occurs:
     
     1. 
        *in 5 - 10 days of illness
        
     2. 
        in 3 - 5 days of illness
        
     3. 
        in the first day of illness
        
     4. 
        in 10 - 15 days of illness
        
     5. 
        in 2 - 3 day of illness
        

520. 
     Staphylococcal pneumonia develops mainly in:
     
     1. 
        *schoolchildren
        
     2. 
        adolescents
        
     3. 
        preschoolers
        
     4. 
        infants
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

521. 
     The absence of respiratory sounds during inspiration is characteristic for:
     
     1. 
        *Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree.
        
     2. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 1 degree.
        
     3. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree.
        
     4. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 0 degree.
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

522. 
     How long bed regimen must be prescribed in case of influenza, severe degree?
     
     1. 
        3 days
        
     2. 
        5 days
        
     3. 
        *7 days
        
     4. 
        14 days
        
     5. 
        18 days
        

523. 
     The characteristic auscultation sign of acute bronchitis is:
     
     1. 
        *harsh breathing
        
     2. 
        weakened vesicular breathing
        
     3. 
        puerile breathing
        
     4. 
        everything is wrong
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

524. 
     What etiothropic medicine should be used for infant that has severe influenza?
     
     1. 
        Rhemantadine
        
     2. 
        Amantadine
        
     3. 
        Interferon
        
     4. 
        Laferon
        
     5. 
        *Influenza immune globulin
        

525. 
     To what day of the disease RS-virus could be found in the organism?
     
     1. 
        Till 5th day from the disease beginning
        
     2. 
        Till 10th day from the disease beginning
        
     3. 
        *Till 17th day from the disease beginning
        
     4. 
        Till 28th day from the disease beginning
        
     5. 
        Till 2 month from the disease beginning
        

526. 
     The drugs of choice for typical community-acquired pneumonia are:
     
     1. 
        *amino penicillins
        
     2. 
        carbapenems
        
     3. 
        fluoroquinolones
        
     4. 
        aminoglycosides
        
     5. 
        preparations of other groups
        

527. 
     The effectiveness of expectorants in acute bronchitis depends on:
     
     1. 
        *sufficient drinking
        
     2. 
        appointment of antiviral drugs
        
     3. 
        appointment of antihistamines
        
     4. 
        appointment of vitamins
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

528. 
     The etiology of pneumonia is dominated by:
     
     1. 
        *pneumococcus
        
     2. 
        klebsiella
        
     3. 
        pathogenic fungi
        
     4. 
        staphylococci
        
     5. 
        viruses
        

529. 
     The hospital pneumonia is that pneumonia which developed:
     
     1. 
        *within 48 hours of hospitalization
        
     2. 
        within 12 hours of hospitalization
        
     3. 
        within 24 hours of hospitalization
        
     4. 
        within 6 hours of hospitalization
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

530. 
     The main cause of croup is:
     
     1. 
        *viral infections
        
     2. 
        bacterial infections
        
     3. 
        fungal infections
        
     4. 
        parasitic lesions
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

531. 
     The main symptoms of acute bronchitis are:
     
     1. 
        *cough
        
     2. 
        sore throat
        
     3. 
        running nose
        
     4. 
        dyspnea
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

532. 
     What is the parainfluenza latent period?
     
     1. 
        1-2 days.
        
     2. 
        *2-7 days.
        
     3. 
        3-4 days.
        
     4. 
        4-7 days.
        
     5. 
        7-10 days.
        

533. 
     The reservoir of influenza is:
     
     1. 
        birds.
        
     2. 
        cattle.
        
     3. 
        man that had influenza.
        
     4. 
        *sick man.
        
     5. 
        vaccinated by a living vaccine.
        

534. 
     What medicine is inadvisable to use for rheoviral infection treatment?
     
     1. 
        Laferon
        
     2. 
        nasal drops
        
     3. 
        Paracethamol
        
     4. 
        *Tetracycline
        
     5. 
        Ascorbic acid
        

535. 
     The early methods of influenza diagnostic determine:
     
     1. 
        presence of antibodies against the viruses of influenza
        
     2. 
        growth of antibodies titre in the patient's serum
        
     3. 
        toxins of viruses
        
     4. 
        *presence of viruses
        
     5. 
        All answers are correct
        

536. 
     The early methods of influenza diagnostic determine:
     
     1. 
        presence of antibodies
        
     2. 
        *family and variety of viruses
        
     3. 
        toxin production
        
     4. 
        growth of antibodies titre in the patient's serum
        
     5. 
        All answers are correct
        

537. 
     To the late methods of laboratory diagnostics of influenza belongs:
     
     1. 
        neutralization reaction, colored test
        
     2. 
        hemagglutination reaction with paired sera
        
     3. 
        *complement binding reaction with paired sera
        
     4. 
        hemadsorption reaction
        
     5. 
        indirect hemagglutination reaction, hemagglutination braking reaction
        

538. 
     What living system is better to use for the influenza virus selection?
     
     1. 
        *chicken embryos
        
     2. 
        culture of the НеLа cells
        
     3. 
        culture of monkey's embryo kidneys cells
        
     4. 
        white mice
        
     5. 
        guinea-pigs
        

539. 
     What material for virology research does it follow to take for influenza confirmation?
     
     1. 
        *smears from nasopharynx
        
     2. 
        sputum
        
     3. 
        Blood
        
     4. 
        Urine
        
     5. 
        Feces
        

540. 
     For the respiratory failure treatment oxygen is used, its concentration must not exceed:
     
     1. 
        *60%
        
     2. 
        80%
        
     3. 
        70%
        
     4. 
        90%
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

541. 
     Typical radiological sign of pneumonia is:
     
     1. 
        *the presence of infiltrative shadows
        
     2. 
        increased lung pattern
        
     3. 
        emphysematous lung distension
        
     4. 
        expansion of the lungs' roots
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

542. 
     Typical physical data for pneumonia are:
     
     1. 
        weakened breathing
        
     2. 
        *local fine moist rales
        
     3. 
        diffuse small moist rales
        
     4. 
        diffuse dry wheezing
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

543. 
     Value of pulse and respiration 2 - 1.5: 1 is characteristic to:
     
     1. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree.
        
     2. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 1 degree.
        
     3. 
        *Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree.
        
     4. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 0 degree.
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

544. 
     Value of pulse to the breathing 3,0 - 2,5: 1 is characteristic for:
     
     1. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree.
        
     2. 
        *Respiratory insufficiency 1 degree.
        
     3. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 0 degree.
        
     4. 
        Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree.
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

545. 
     Ventilator respiratory failure is caused by:
     
     1. 
        *violation of the breathing neuromuscular control
        
     2. 
        the presence of bronchospasm
        
     3. 
        aspirated foreign body
        
     4. 
        inflammatory lung diseases
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

546. 
     Ventilator - associated pneumonia up to four days stay on the ventilator, usually is caused by:
     
     1. 
        *Pneumococcus
        
     2. 
        Enterobacteria
        
     3. 
        Streptococci
        
     4. 
        Klebsiella
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

547. 
     What age category of children is the most vulnerable to parainfluenza?
     
     1. 
        *Children of the first two years of life.
        
     2. 
        Under-fives.
        
     3. 
        Children of junior school age.
        
     4. 
        Schoolboys.
        
     5. 
        Teenagers.
        

548. 
     What are the main signs of adenoviral infection?
     
     1. 
        laryngitis;
        
     2. 
        *conjunctivitis;
        
     3. 
        predominance of intoxication by the catarrhal phenomena;
        
     4. 
        subfebrile temperature;
        
     5. 
        bronchiolitis.
        

549. 
     What are the main signs of rhinoviral infection?
     
     1. 
        fever;
        
     2. 
        tracheitis;
        
     3. 
        *severe rhinitis;
        
     4. 
        obstructive bronchitis;
        
     5. 
        bronchiolitis.
        

550. 
     When is it necessary to prescribe antibacterial therapy in case of URT viral infection?
     
     1. 
        to the children which are bottle feed;
        
     2. 
        to the children with the malnutrition, rickets;
        
     3. 
        to the children of the first two years of life;
        
     4. 
        *at presence of bacterial complications
        
     5. 
        for the prophylaxis of bacterial complications
        

551. 
     What dose of aminophylline (euphylline) is used for intraorganic electrophoresis?
     
     1. 
        *5 - 7 mg / kg
        
     2. 
        3 - 5 mg / kg
        
     3. 
        2 - 3 mg / kg
        
     4. 
        10- 12 mg / kg
        
     5. 
        15 - 20 mg / kg
        

552. 
     What from the next anti-influenza vaccines stimulate the IgA synthesis in children?
     
     1. 
        inactivated vaccine
        
     2. 
        *Living attenuated vaccine
        
     3. 
        Both
        
     4. 
        None of adopted
        
     5. 
        All enumerated
        

553. 
     What from the next medicine is possible to use for an influenza A chemoprophylaxis at children?
     
     1. 
        *Rhemantadine
        
     2. 
        Acyclovir
        
     3. 
        5-fluorocytosine
        
     4. 
        None of them
        
     5. 
        All enumerated
        

554. 
     What immunity will be formed in most patients after the RS-infection?
     
     1. 
        stabile antitoxic.
        
     2. 
        stabile antimicrobial.
        
     3. 
        long life specific.
        
     4. 
        *unstable specific.
        
     5. 
        extremely short.
        

555. 
     What is the average duration of the flu latent period?
     
     1. 
        *a few hours - 1-2 days;
        
     2. 
        a few hours - 3-5 days;
        
     3. 
        2-6 days;
        
     4. 
        7-10 days;
        
     5. 
        10-14 days.
        

556. 
     What is the dose of semisynthetic penicillins in children with mild pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        *50 - 80 mg / kg / day
        
     2. 
        30 - 50 mg / kg / day
        
     3. 
        80 - 100 mg / kg per day
        
     4. 
        100 - 150 mg / kg / day
        
     5. 
        150 - 200 mg / kg / day
        

557. 
     What is the dose of semisynthetic penicillins in children with moderate pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        *80 - 100 mg / kg / day
        
     2. 
        50 - 80 mg / kg / day
        
     3. 
        30 - 50 mg / kg / day
        
     4. 
        100 - 150 mg / kg / day
        
     5. 
        150 - 200 mg / kg / day
        

558. 
     What is the dose of semisynthetic penicillins in children with severe pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        *100 - 150 mg / kg / day
        
     2. 
        50 - 80 mg / kg / day
        
     3. 
        80 - 100 mg / kg / day
        
     4. 
        30 - 50 mg / kg / day
        
     5. 
        150 - 200 mg / kg / day
        

559. 
     What is the duration of antibacterial therapy in children with mild pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        *7 - 10 days
        
     2. 
        3 - 5 days
        
     3. 
        5 - 7 days
        
     4. 
        10 - 14 days
        
     5. 
        1 - 3 days
        

560. 
     What is the duration of antibacterial therapy in children with moderate pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        *10 - 14 days
        
     2. 
        7 - 10 days
        
     3. 
        5 - 7 days
        
     4. 
        14 - 20 days
        
     5. 
        20 - 25 days
        

561. 
     What is the duration of antibacterial therapy in children with severe pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        *14 - 21 days
        
     2. 
        10- 14 days
        
     3. 
        7- 10 days
        
     4. 
        21 - 28 days
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

562. 
     What is the most common cause of necrotizing (destructive) pneumonia:
     
     1. 
        *staphylococcus
        
     2. 
        pneumococcus
        
     3. 
        klebsiella
        
     4. 
        proteus
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

563. 
     What is the most effective route of antibacterial drugs administration in patients with respiratory pathology?
     
     1. 
        *intraorganic electrophoresis
        
     2. 
        intravenous
        
     3. 
        endobronchial
        
     4. 
        intramuscular
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

564. 
     What is the most often respiratory failure severity in acute bronchitis?
     
     1. 
        *0 degree
        
     2. 
        1st degree
        
     3. 
        2nd degree
        
     4. 
        3rd degree
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

565. 
     What is the requirement to inhalator antibiotics, which are used for children with bronchopulmonary pathology?
     
     1. 
        *good dissolving in water
        
     2. 
        minimal sensitization of children
        
     3. 
        wide spectrum of activity
        
     4. 
        selective effect on Gram-positive flora
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

566. 
     What is the typical X-ray sign in the necrotizing (destructive) pneumonia in case of abscess formation?
     
     1. 
        *the appearance of a round high degree infiltration with the level of liquid on the base of the lung infiltration
        
     2. 
        the appearance of a round air formations on the base of the lung infiltration
        
     3. 
        parietal and sinuses infiltration near the pulmonary infiltration
        
     4. 
        homogeneous total infiltration
        
     5. 
        displacement of the mediastinal organs to the opposite
        

567. 
     What percussion data are characteristic for the focal pneumonia?
     
     1. 
        bandbox sound over the entire surface of the lungs
        
     2. 
        *clear lung sounds over the entire surface of the lungs
        
     3. 
        shortening of the percussion sounds at an angle of scapula
        
     4. 
        shortening percussion sound in axillar region
        
     5. 
        everything is correct
        

568. 
     What protein above all things helps the influenza virus attachment to the sensible epithelial cells of the upper respiratory tract?
     
     1. 
        *hemagglutinin
        
     2. 
        neuraminidase
        
     3. 
        Matrix protein
        
     4. 
        nucleoprotein
        
     5. 
        protein of confluence
        

569. 
     What syndrome is a leading one in the clinical picture of flu?
     
     1. 
        respiratory insufficiency;
        
     2. 
        meningeal;
        
     3. 
        catarrhal;
        
     4. 
        *intoxication;
        
     5. 
        dyspepsia;
        

570. 
     What body temperature is in case of mild flu?
     
     1. 
        36.6-37 °C ;
        
     2. 
        *36.6-38 °C ;
        
     3. 
        38-39 °C;
        
     4. 
        39-40 °C.
        
     5. 
        40-41 °C
        

571. 
     What body temperature is in case of moderate flu?
     
     1. 
        36.6-38 °C;
        
     2. 
        *38-39 °C;
        
     3. 
        39-40 °C;
        
     4. 
        40-41 °C.
        
     5. 
        41-42 °C
        

572. 
     What body temperature is in case of severe flu?
     
     1. 
        36.6-38 °C;
        
     2. 
        38-39 °C;
        
     3. 
        38.5-39 °C;
        
     4. 
        *39-41 °C.
        
     5. 
        41-42 °C
        

573. 
     What does the inspection reveal in patient with lobar pneumonia:
     
     1. 
        *"sick" part of the chest lag in the breathing
        
     2. 
        synchronous movement of both chest parts
        
     3. 
        "healthy" part of the chest lag in the breathing
        
     4. 
        spasmodic twitching of hands and feet
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

574. 
     What type of oxygen therapy is the best for the child with Respiratory insufficiency 3 degree?
     
     1. 
        *the flow of oxygen through the endotracheal tube
        
     2. 
        the flow of oxygen in an oxygen tent
        
     3. 
        flow of oxygen through the intranasal catheter
        
     4. 
        the flow of oxygen through the oxygen bag
        
     5. 
        everything is wrong
        

575. 
     What type of oxygen therapy is the best for the child with Respiratory insufficiency 2 degree?
     
     1. 
        *the flow of oxygen in an oxygen tent
        
     2. 
        the flow of oxygen through the oxygen bag
        
     3. 
        flow of oxygen through the intranasal catheter