Children infectious diseases

1. 
   The mild form.
   
2. 
   *The severe toxic form.
   
3. 
   The moderate form.
   
4. 
   The severe septic form.
   
5. 
   Atypical form
   

61. 
    A new-born boy during examination is irresponsible to the light and sound. A skin and mucus membranes are cyanotic, rough systolic murmur in all points is spread outside the heart borders. What congenital infection is this typical for?
    
    1. 
       herpes simplex infection
       
    2. 
       *Rubella
       
    3. 
       chicken pox
       
    4. 
       mycoplasmosis
       
    5. 
       cytomegalovirus infection
       

62. 
    A patient complained about general weakness, fever, painful rash on his trunk skin. He has been suffering from this for 3 days. Objectively: lateral surface of the trunk on the left is hyperemic and edematic; there are some groups of vesicles with serous and hemorrhagic contents. What is the most probable diagnosis?
    
    1. 
       *Herpes zoster
       
    2. 
       Herpetiform Duhring's dermatosis
       
    3. 
       Contact allergic dermatitis
       
    4. 
       Microbial eczema
       
    5. 
       Contact dermatitis simplex
       

63. 
    A patient complains of intense pressing pain in the pharynx, mainly to the right impossibility to swallow even liquid food. The patient is sick for 5 days. His condition is severe. Body temperature is 38.9 °C, it is difficult to talk, voice is constrained, it is difficult to open the mouth. Submaxillary glands on the right are painful, enlarged. What is the most probable diagnosis?
    
    1. 
       *Peritonsillar abscess
       
    2. 
       Diphtheria
       
    3. 
       Vincent's disease
       
    4. 
       Pharyngeal tumor
       
    5. 
       Phlegmonous tonsillitis
       

64. 
    A schoolboy of 8 years for 25 days is treated in the hepatitis department. Today he has chicken pox. One of the patients in this ward had zoster 2 weeks before. It is also known that last month there have been cases of chickenpox in the school. Name the source of infection for varicella in this case.
    
    1. 
       *Patient with herpes zoster
       
    2. 
       Neighbors in the department
       
    3. 
       Classmates
       
    4. 
       Staff of the admission office
       
    5. 
       Medical personnel of the hepatitis department
       

65. 
    A teenager, 15 years, entered to infectious department. Diphtheria of the pharynx was diagnosed. At examination - there is the insignificant increase of tonsils with separate exudates as points, lines. Indicate the form of diphtheria:
    
    1. 
       Spread
       
    2. 
       Isolated
       
    3. 
       Combined
       
    4. 
       *Localized focal
       
    5. 
       Localized tonsillar
       

66. 
    A girl complains of high temperature to 38°C, mild pain in the throat during 3 days. On examination: lymphatic nodes of the jaw angle are 3 cm enlarged; palatial tonsils are enlarged and coated with grey plaques which spreads to the uvula and frontal palatial arches. What is the most probable diagnosis?
    
    1. 
       Agranulocytosis
       
    2. 
       Vincent's angina
       
    3. 
       Oropharyngeal candidiasis
       
    4. 
       Infectious mononucleosis
       
    5. 
       *Pharynx diphtheria
       

67. 
    At a boy of 10 years Rubella was complicated by arthritis of wrists. What pathogenetic treatment does it follow to administer?
    
    1. 
       corticosteroids
       
    2. 
       protease inhibitors
       
    3. 
       *NSAIDs
       
    4. 
       Antibiotics of wide spectrum
       
    5. 
       recombinant interferon
       

68. 
    At a boy, 10 years, a scarlet fever, typical form, smooth course is diagnosed. What, except the rashes, will differ the disease at a child from pseudotuberculosis?
    
    1. 
       Stages of rashes, conjunctivitis, expressed catarrhal signs
       
    2. 
       Polymorphism of rashes, localization of it on hairy part of the head, mucus membranes
       
    3. 
       hemorrhagic star-like rashes on shins, thighs, meningeal syndrome, nasopharyngitis
       
    4. 
       *Presence of tonsillitis, increase of only tonsillar lymph nodes, absent: arthritis, intestinal problems, damage of the other organs and systems
       
    5. 
       Small elements of rashes, their concentration in skin folds, presence of tonsillitis, absent catarrhal signs
       

69. 
    At a boy, 14 years, Rubella was complicated by encephalitis. What is the duration of neurologist supervision after the patient's convalescence?
    
    1. 
       6 months
       
    2. 
       1 year
       
    3. 
       Not less than1 year
       
    4. 
       1-2 years
       
    5. 
       *not less than 2 years
       

70. 
    At a boy, 9 years, which has diphtheria for 4 days, the permanent noisy breathing has appeared. Auxiliary muscles take part in breathing. Present noted pallor of skin, perioral cyanosis, and tachycardia. Diagnose is:
    
    1. 
       primary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    2. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, dysphonia period
       
    3. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 1st degree
       
    4. 
       *diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 2nd degree
       
    5. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 3rd degree
       

71. 
    At a boy, 9 years, which has diphtheria for 4 days, has permanent very noisy breathing, which is heard in the distance, expiration is prolonged. All auxiliary muscles take part in breathing. The phenomena of oxygen insufficiency increase. Diagnose is:
    
    1. 
       primary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    2. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, dysphonia period
       
    3. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 1st degree
       
    4. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 2nd degree
       
    5. 
       *diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 3rd degree
       

72. 
    At a child of 5 months, which came for vaccination according the calendar, in anamnesis was postvaccinal complication in 4 months age. Indicate what vaccine it follows to use for vaccination:
    
    1. 
       *DTaP
       
    2. 
       DTP
       
    3. 
       DT
       
    4. 
       DT-M
       
    5. 
       D-M
       

73. 
    At a child on the background of catarrhal signs, conjunctivitis, exanthema has appeared on 4th day of the disease that spread downward during 3 days. This is characteristically for:
    
    1. 
       Pseudotuberculosis
       
    2. 
       Scarlet fever
       
    3. 
       Chicken pox
       
    4. 
       Infectious mononucleosis
       
    5. 
       *Measles
       

74. 
    At a child passive hemagglutination reaction with pseudotubercular diagnosticum was done. Titre of antibodies is 1: 200. Name the first phase of the disease pathogenesis.
    
    1. 
       entheric
       
    2. 
       regional infection
       
    3. 
       generalization
       
    4. 
       *Infection
       
    5. 
       bacteremia
       

75. 
    At a child passive hemagglutination reaction with pseudotubercular diagnosticum was done. Pseudotuberculosis, atypical form, is diagnosed. Indicate the probable atypical forms of the disease.
    
    1. 
       Effaced, asymptomatic, mononucleosis like
       
    2. 
       Catarrhal, combined, asymptomatic
       
    3. 
       Effaced, septic, catarrhal
       
    4. 
       Catarrhal, combined, mononucleosis like
       
    5. 
       *Effaced, asymptomatic, catarrhal
       

76. 
    At a child rashes had appeared on face, for 2 days they spread on a trunk, arms, proximal parts of thighs. This is characteristically for:
    
    1. 
       Pseudotuberculosis
       
    2. 
       Scarlet fever
       
    3. 
       *measles
       
    4. 
       Chicken pox
       
    5. 
       Infectious mononucleosis
       

77. 
    At a child with the moderate intoxication and catarrhal signs, small maculous exanthema, enlargement and tenderness of posterior cervical and occipital lymph nodes was revealed, that is typically for:
    
    1. 
       measles
       
    2. 
       Pseudotuberculosis
       
    3. 
       *Rubella
       
    4. 
       chicken pox
       
    5. 
       Infectious mononucleosis
       

78. 
    At a child with tonsillitis there are pin-point rashes, mainly in skin folds, in the inguinal region, on the lateral surfaces of trunk. Such localization of rashes is characteristic for:
    
    1. 
       Rubella
       
    2. 
       Pseudotuberculosis
       
    3. 
       *Scarlet fever
       
    4. 
       measles
       
    5. 
       enteroviral infections
       

79. 
    At a child, 1 month, with congenital heart-disease was revealed cataract of both eyes. A child is irresponsible to the light and sound. Indicate the probable diagnosis.
    
    1. 
       *Rubella
       
    2. 
       herpes simplex infection
       
    3. 
       toxoplasmosis
       
    4. 
       lysteriosis
       
    5. 
       cytomegalovirus infection
       

80. 
    At a child, 11 years, with exanthema, catarrhal syndrome rashes in a dynamics of pigmented staging, exfoliation of epidermis has appeared. Put your diagnosis.
    
    1. 
       *Measles
       
    2. 
       Rubella
       
    3. 
       Pseudotuberculosis
       
    4. 
       Scarlet fever
       
    5. 
       Chicken pox
       

81. 
    At a child, aged 12 years, diphtheria of larynx is diagnosed. In other organs and systems the changes are absent. Diagnose is:
    
    1. 
       *primary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    2. 
       secondary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    3. 
       combined diphtheria of the larynx
       
    4. 
       nontoxic diphtheria of the larynx
       
    5. 
       diphtheria of the larynx
       

82. 
    At a child, aged 12 years, diphtheria of larynx, laryngitis, dysphonia period, is diagnosed. In other organs and systems the changes are absent. Diagnose is:
    
    1. 
       primary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    2. 
       secondary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    3. 
       combined diphtheria of the larynx
       
    4. 
       *localized diphtheria of the larynx
       
    5. 
       toxic diphtheria of the larynx
       

83. 
    At a child, aged 12 years, diphtheria of larynx, laryngotracheitis, stenotic period, the 1st degree stenosis, is diagnosed. In other organs and systems the changes are absent. Diagnose is:
    
    1. 
       primary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    2. 
       secondary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    3. 
       combined diphtheria of the larynx
       
    4. 
       *spread diphtheria of the larynx
       
    5. 
       untoxic diphtheria of the larynx
       

84. 
    At a child, that became ill acutely: disorders of emptying, fever; a rash on a body has appeared today. Pseudotuberculosis is suspected. Name probable duration of the disease.
    
    1. 
       1-2 days
       
    2. 
       *2-4 days
       
    3. 
       3-6 days
       
    4. 
       5-7 days
       
    5. 
       1-1,5 weeks
       

85. 
    At a child, who 2 weeks is treated because of pseudotuberculosis, leucocyturia and proteinuria is revealed in the analysis of urine. The child has chronic pyelonephritis. Name the course of the disease in this case.
    
    1. 
       acute, unsmooth with complication (pyelonephritis)
       
    2. 
       acute, unsmooth with exacerbation
       
    3. 
       *acute, unsmooth with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
       
    4. 
       acute, smooth
       
    5. 
       Subacute, unsmooth with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
       

86. 
    At a fellow, 16 years, Rubella was complicated by meningoencephalitis. What from corticosteroids follows to give an advantage in treatment of this patient?
    
    1. 
       *dexasone
       
    2. 
       hydrocortisone
       
    3. 
       prednisolone
       
    4. 
       methylprednisolone
       
    5. 
       cortisoli
       

87. 
    At a girl on a background of the catarrhal signs, conjunctivitis, subfebrile temperature rashes had appeared on face, than spread downward and for 3 days covered all the body. This is characteristically for:
    
    1. 
       enteroviral infection
       
    2. 
       *measles
       
    3. 
       Rubella
       
    4. 
       chicken pox
       
    5. 
       meningococcal infection
       

88. 
    At a girl, 15 years, Rubella was complicated by encephalitis. What specialists must perform the clinical supervision after the convalescence of child?
    
    1. 
       Neurologist, family pediatrician
       
    2. 
       *Neurologist, pediatrician-infectionist
       
    3. 
       Neurologist, ophthalmologist
       
    4. 
       Neurologist, family doctor
       
    5. 
       Neurologist, ophthalmologist, district pediatrician
       

89. 
    At a girl, 17 years, Rubella was complicated by meningitis. What preparation from diuretics follows to give an advantage in treatment of this patient?
    
    1. 
       40% of glucose solution
       
    2. 
       lasix
       
    3. 
       *mannitol
       
    4. 
       verospiron
       
    5. 
       diacarb
       

90. 
    At a girl, 7 years, pseudotuberculosis was complicated by a pyelonephritis. What changes in the analysis of urine will be present?
    
    1. 
       *proteinuria, leucocyturia, bacteriuria
       
    2. 
       crystaluria, leucocyturia, epitelium (flat epithelium) in the urine
       
    3. 
       crystaluria, erythrocyturia (unchanged red cells)
       
    4. 
       proteinuria, leucocyturia, epitelium in the urine
       
    5. 
       proteinuria, casts, erythrocyturia, epitelium in the urine (kidney epithelium)
       

91. 
    At previous healthy child, that 2 weeks is treated because of pseudotuberculosis, leucocyturia, proteinuria is revealed in the analysis of urine. Indicate the course of the disease in this case.
    
    1. 
       *acute, unsmooth with complication (pyelonephritis)
       
    2. 
       acute, unsmooth with exacerbation
       
    3. 
       acute, unsmooth with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
       
    4. 
       acute, smooth
       
    5. 
       Subacute, unsmooth with exacerbation of chronic pyelonephritis
       

92. 
    Boy 11 years, has recovered from pseudotuberculosis, moderate severity, with smooth course of disease. Indicate the evidence to discharge the patient from the hospital.
    
    1. 
       Not early than a 14th day from the beginning of disease, clinical recovery.
       
    2. 
       Not early than a 14th day from the beginning of disease, clinical recovery, normal laboratory indexes
       
    3. 
       Not early than a 21st day from the beginning of disease, clinical recovery
       
    4. 
       *Not early than a 21st day from the beginning of disease, clinical recovery, normal laboratory indexes
       
    5. 
       Not early than a 28th day from the beginning of disease, clinical recovery, normal laboratory indexes
       

93. 
    Boy, 13 years, is hospitalized with previous diagnosis «pseudotuberculosis». Indicate the most meaningful natural reservoir of infection.
    
    1. 
       *synanthrope mice-like rodents
       
    2. 
       Wild mice-like rodents
       
    3. 
       Wild dogs
       
    4. 
       Wild cats
       
    5. 
       Domestic animals
       

94. 
    Boy, aged 9 years, which is ill for 4 days, entered a clinic with soundless cough, aphonia, subfebrile temperature, dyspnea only at the physical exertion. At rest breathing is free. During laryngoscopy were seen the edema and hyperemia of epiglottis, fibrinous exudates on it. During reaction of latex-agglutination a diphtheria toxin is revealed in the serum. Diagnose is:
    
    1. 
       primary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    2. 
       secondary diphtheria of the larynx
       
    3. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, dysphonia period
       
    4. 
       *diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 1st degree
       
    5. 
       diphtheria of the larynx, stenotic period, stenosis of the 2nd degree
       

95. 
    Child of 2 years old fell ill acutely: increased body temperature to 39.5 ˚C, refuses to eat. He had drunk hot milk before. At the oral mucosa have appeared thin-walled vesicles with a red rim than quickly develop characteristic surface ulcers. Oral mucosa is edematous and hyperemic. Gums are inflamed and edematous. What diagnosis is the most likely in a child?
    
    1. 
       *Herpes of oral mucosa (thrush)
       
    2. 
       Burn of oral mucosa
       
    3. 
       Thrush (oral candidiasis)
       
    4. 
       Chickenpox
       
    5. 
       An allergic reaction to cow's milk
       

96. 
    Child of 3 months comes for vaccination against whooping-cough, diphtheria, tetanus. It is known from anamnesis, that in postnatal period and in 1.5 months a child had cramps. Indicate is it possible to vaccinate this child?
    
    1. 
       vaccination is contra-indicated
       
    2. 
       *vaccination by DT-antitoxin
       
    3. 
       vaccinate according to the calendar after a neurologist consultation
       
    4. 
       vaccinate according to the calendar after an immunologist consultation
       
    5. 
       vaccinate according to the calendar in the hospital
       

97. 
    Child, 2 years, that is ill for 3 days, is hospitalized in the infectious department with diagnosis: upper respiratory tract viral infection, laryngotracheitis. Parainfluenza is suspected. What symptoms will be different from measles, prodromal period?
    
    1. 
       Absence of the expressed catarrhal syndrome, enanthem on a soft palate
       
    2. 
       Absence of croup syndrome
       
    3. 
       Presence of laryngeal stenosis of the 1st or 2nd degree
       
    4. 
       *Absence of the expressed catarrhal syndrome, the Koplick's spots, enanthem on a soft palate
       
    5. 
       Presence of hyperemia of the pharynx, enanthem on a soft palate
       

98. 
    Child, 2 years, was not vaccinated against measles, contacted with a patient who had measles. What is the evidence to the specific passive prophylaxis of measles in this case?
    
    1. 
       Age of child
       
    2. 
       *Absence of vaccination
       
    3. 
       Term of contact more than 1 week
       
    4. 
       Absence of vaccination and the child's age
       
    5. 
       Age of child, term of contact up to 4-6 days
       

99. 
    During inspection of the 6-year old patient on the skin in the VI intercostal space along the anterior and posterior axillary lines doctor has found closely situated vesicles of 0.3-0.5 cm, filled with transparent content, with a tendency to merge, the body temperature is 37.5 ˚C. What disease is the most likely in this situation?
    
    1. 
       *Herpes zoster
       
    2. 
       Measles
       
    3. 
       Chickenpox
       
    4. 
       Herpes simplex
       
    5. 
       Allergic rash
       

100. 
     During paroxysmal cough, which disturbs the child during 3 weeks, the paroxysm has ended by discharge of transparent phlegm and vomiting. Name the diagnosis:
     
     1. 
        Bronchiolitis;
        
     2. 
        Obstructive bronchitis;
        
     3. 
        *Whooping cough;
        
     4. 
        Allergic bronchitis;
        
     5. 
        Bronchial asthma.
        

101. 
     Examining a child of six years on the second day of illness a doctor saw multiple, very small rash predominantly on the flexor surfaces of hands and feet. The body temperature is 38.4 ˚C. The child complains of sore throat. A scarlet fever was suspected. Which form of scarlet fever is the most likely in this case?
     
     1. 
        *Moderate
        
     2. 
        Mild
        
     3. 
        Severe
        
     4. 
        Subclinical
        
     5. 
        Rudimentary
        

102. 
     For the prophylaxis of whooping-cough, diphtheria and tetanus children are vaccinated by DTP vaccine. How such vaccine is named, which contains the killed bacterial cells of one agent and antitoxins of other agents?
     
     1. 
        *Associated
        
     2. 
        Gene-engineering
        
     3. 
        Chemical
        
     4. 
        autovaccine
        
     5. 
        antyidiotype
        

103. 
     From a sick child Corynebacterium diphtheriae is selected. What fraction of diphtheria exotoxin has receptor-binding part, which helps in toxin penetration to a cell?
     
     1. 
        thermolabile (toxin A)
        
     2. 
        *thermostabile (toxin B)
        
     3. 
        Cord-factor
        
     4. 
        Tox + phage
        
     5. 
        Gwarnieri corpuscles
        

104. 
     In 12 years child on a slightly swollen skin of palms has appeared linear arrangement of separated nodules and tense vesicles filled with clear liquid. Rashes at other sites were absent. The body temperature of a child is normal. What is the most likely diagnosis in this case?
     
     1. 
        *Herpes of the palms
        
     2. 
        Allergic dermatitis
        
     3. 
        Chickenpox
        
     4. 
        Erysipelas
        
     5. 
        Bulous impetigo
        

105. 
     In a boy on the 2nd day of disease on a background of the subfebrile temperature and rhinitis, has appeared rose small maculous rashes on a body, mainly on the external surfaces of extremities, buttocks, back. Your previous diagnosis is:
     
     1. 
        *Rubella
        
     2. 
        Pseudotuberculosis
        
     3. 
        Scarlet fever
        
     4. 
        Measles
        
     5. 
        chicken pox
        

106. 
     In a boy, 8 years old, pediatrician has suspect pseudotuberculosis. For the detachment of specific antibodies on the second week of the disease was performed serologic reaction. Indicate the diagnostic titer of this reaction:
     
     1. 
        1:50.
        
     2. 
        1:80.
        
     3. 
        1:100.
        
     4. 
        *1:200.
        
     5. 
        1:360.
        

107. 
     In a child 5 years of age (on the third day of chickenpox) body temperature is 39.3 ˚C, remains a rash as macula, vesicles, crusts without a definite localization; has appeared rough barking paroxysmal cough. How to interpret the changes in the child's condition on the third day of illness?
     
     1. 
        *Croup syndrome in varicella