Child Psychology and Psychiatry


INTERVENTIONS WITH BEREAVED



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066 Child Psychology and Psychiatry

INTERVENTIONS WITH BEREAVED
CHILDREN
Theoretical and cultural influences
There are two main theoretical bases for inter-
ventions with bereaved children. The first sug-
gests that children need to complete a sequence
of bereavement-related tasks in order satisfac-
torily to resolve their grief and avoid maladap-
tive outcomes. These tasks include acceptance
of the permanence of loss, constructing a posi-
tive internal image of the deceased, and finding
new and supportive relationships [17]. In CTG,
trauma is conceptualized as interfering with grief
resolution, necessitating the relief of traumatic
symptomatology so that grieving tasks can be
accomplished [11].
In the second approach, children’s outcomes are
seen to be the product of multiple, cumulative risk
and protective factors operating in the post-death
environment. Interventions within this framework
aim to foster resilience, for example by moderating
children’s coping styles and supporting positive
parenting [18].
Cultures provide frameworks that guide beliefs
about death, define ‘positive’ and ‘negative’ out-
comes, and govern the expression of grief. For
instance, in some cultures expressions of sorrow
bring social opprobrium. Therapists need to gain
an understanding of children’s familial, cultural
and ethnic backgrounds, and be aware of how
their practice is influenced by Western conceptu-
alizations of grief and mourning.

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