“chemical engineering”

ĶNF 302

Associated Professor Augusts Ruplis

Course description: 2Credit units; 32 hours (16 lectures, 16 laboratories)

Control forms: Exam
Course content:

• 
  Dispersed systems generalities Concept of Colloidal Systems. Measure of Dispersion. calssification of Colloidal and Microheterogeneous Systems. Importance of Colloidal Systems and Colloidal Processes in Nature and Engineering.
  
• 
  Optical propertes of collodal systems Light Scattering. Rayleigh’s Equation. Light Absorption. Colour of Colloidal Systems. Optical Methods of Investigating of Colloidal Systems.
  
• 
  Molecular-kinetic properties of colloidal systems Brownian Motion and Diffusion in Colloidal Systems. Sedimentation and Sedimentation Analysis. Ultracentrifuge.
  
• 
  Adsorption at the solid-gas interface Langmuir’s Monomolecular Adsorption Theory. Polymolecular Adsorption. Capillary Condensation.Chemocal Adsorption.
  
• 
  Adsorption at the soltion-gas interface Surface Tension. Concept of Surfactants. Gibb’s Equation.
  
• 
  Adsorption at the solid-solution interface Molecular Adsorption from Solutions. Ionic Adsorption. Exchange Adsorption. Wetting Phenomena.
  
• 
  Electrical properties of colloidal systems Electrophoresis, Electroosmosis, Sedimentation Potential, Streaming Potential. Structure of the Electric Double Layer
  
• 
  Obtaining and purifying colloidal systems Methods of Obtaining and Purifying Colloidal Systems. Structure of Colloidal Micelles.
  
• 
  Stability and coagulation of colloidal systems Coagulation by Electrolytes. Schultze-Hardy Rule.
  
• 
  Structur-mechanical properties of dispersed systems Viscosity of Colloidal Solutions. Structural Viscosity.
  
• 
  Basic concepts on aerosols, emulsions, foams and colloidal surfactants
  

• 
  Laboratory works
  

1. Sedimentation Analysis

2. Adsorption of Acid Acetic on Medical Carbon

3. Surface Tension of Alcohol Solutions

4. The Threshold of Coagulation of Ferric Hydroxide Sol

The principles of kinetic and catalysis

ĶNF 303

Professor Sergejs Trusovs

Course description: 3 Credit units; 48 hours (16 lectures, 32 practice)

Control forms: Exam
Course content:

• 
  Formal kinetics. Rate of chemical reactions. Reactions kinetics classificaton. Order and molecularity of reactions. Temperature influence on the rate of chemical reactions.
  
• 
  Theoretical kinetics.
  
• 
  Reactions in solutions.
  
• 
  photochemical reactions.
  
• 
  Catalytic reactions classification. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. Principal kinetic regularities of catalysis.
  
• 
  Autocatalysis.
  

Literature:

1. 
   P.W. Atkins. Physical Chemistry, New York, W.H. Freeman and Company, 1986, 857p.
   
2. 
   U.Alksnis, Z.Kļaviņš, P.Kūka, A.Ruplis. Fizikālā un koloidālā ķīmija. Rīga, Zvaigzne, 1990, 425 lpp.
   
3. 
   А.Т.Стромберг, Д.П.Семченко. Физическая химия. М., Высшая школа, 1988, 496с.
   
4. 
   Е.Н.Еремин. Основы химической кинетики. М., Высшая школа, 1976, 374с.
   
5. 
   Н.М.Эмануель, Д.Т.Кнорре. Курс химической кинетики. М., Высшая школа, 1969, 400с.
   
6. 
   Е.Т.Денисов. Кинетика гомогенных химических реакций. М., Высшая школа, 1978, 367 с.
   
7. 
   Walter J.Moore. Basic physical chemistry. P.H.I., Inc., 1983, 711p.
   

Organic Chemistry (main course).

ĶOĶ 221

Professor Raimonds Valters; Associated Professor Māris Utināns

Course description: 5Credit units; 80 hours (32 lectures, 48 laboratories)

Control forms: Exam
Course content:

• 
  Introduction: Basic priciples of preparation of pure organic substances and their investigation. Classical electronic conceptions in organic chemistry, electronic shifts and effects, resonance. Conclusions from simple quantum chemical calculations. The typs of reactions and reagents. Description of reactions mechanism.
  
• 
  Hydrocarbons: Typs, isomerism and nomenclature. Mutual interconversions. Substitution of hydrogen atom in alkanes. The nature of double and tripple bond, addition reactions. Polymerisation of alkenes and alkynes. Conjugated dienes, addition reactions and polymerisation. Benzene and other aromatic hydrocarbons, substitution reactions. Practical use of hydrocarbons.
  
• 
  Functional derivatives of hydrocarbons: Halogenohydrocarbons, their obtaining, nomenclature, nucleophilic substitution reactions. Organometallic compounds-lithium, magnesium and aluminium compounds, their preparation and reactions. Alkanols, alkenols, phenols, their obtaining, nomenclature and reactions. Stereoisomerism of alkanols and alkanediols.
  
• 
  Sulfur organic and nitrogen organic compounds: Sulfonic acids and their derivatives, sulfones, sulfoxides, thioles, sulfides. Nitroalkanes and nitroarenes, their preparation and reactions. Amines, their obtaining, nomenclature, reactions with electrophilic reagents. Diazotation, properties of diazonium salts. Azo dyes.
  
• 
  Carbonyl compounds: Preparation of aldehydes and ketones, nomenclature, addition of nucleophiles, reduction. The difference between aromatic aldehydes and alkanales in reactions. Hydroxy aldehydes and ketones. Carbohydrates, monosaccharide ribose, glucose and fructose, disaccharides sugar and maltose, polysaccharide's cellulose and starch.
  
• 
  Carboxylic acids: The nomenclature of carboxylic acids, their functional derivatives and substitutes. Chemical properties of saturated, unsaturated and aromatic carboxylic acids and dicarboxylic acids. Obtaining and properties of acyl halides, acid anhydrides, esters, amides. Ketenes. Hydroxy acids and amino acids, lactones and lactams. Stereoisomerism of hydroxy and amino acids. Organic derivatives of carbonic acid, esters, amides, uretanes, isocyanates, carbodiimides.
  
• 
  Heterocyclic compounds: Classification and nomenclature. 5-Membered ring compounds with one heteroatom -- pyrrole, furan and tiophen and their derivatives. Indole and its derivatives, alkaloides. 6-Membered ring compounds with one nitrogen atom -- pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline and their derivatives. 6-Membered ring compounds with two nitrogen atoms -- pyrimidine. Purine. The hydroxy and amino derivatives of pyrimidine and purine -- nucleic acid bases. Notion about nucleosides, nukleotides and nucleic acids.
  

• 
  Laboratory tests topics.
  

1. 
   Hydrocarbons. 2. Halogenohydrocarbons. 3. Hydroxy hydrocarbons and ethers. 4. Amines and diazonium salts. 5. Carbonyl compounds. 6. Carboxylic acids and their derivatives. Heterocyclic compounds.
   

• 
  Types of the laboratory syntheses ( 3 - 4 syntheses at choice).
  

1. 
   Halogenation. 2. Nitration. 3. Sulfuration. 4. Alkylation. 5. Acylation. 6. Oxidation.
   7. Reduction. 8. Diazotation.
   

Literature:

1. 
   Ytqkfyl J.Z. Jhufybxtcrfz [bvbz>- V.%Dscifz irjkf> 1990.-752 c.
   
2. 
   Neilands O., Organiskā ķīmija,-R.:Zvaigzne, 1977.-798 lpp.
   

Additional books.

1. 
   Meirovics I., Organiskā ķīmija,-R.:Zvaigzne, 1992.-525 lpp.
   
2. 
   McMurry I., Organic chemistry,-Pacific Grove,California: Brooks/Cole Publ.Comp., 1988.-1242 pp.
   
3. 
   Valters R., Infrasarkanās spektroskopijas izmantošana organisko savienojumu struktūranalīzē,-R.:RTU, 1990.-82 lpp.
   
4. 
   Valters R., Kodolu magnētiskās rezonanses spektroskopijas izmantošana organiskajā ķīmijā,-R.:RTU, 1991.-110 lpp.
   
5. 
   Valters R., Elektronu spektroskopijas izmantošana organiskajā ķīmijā,- R.:RTU, 1992.-81 lpp.
   
6. 
   Valters R., Masspektrometrijas izmantošana organiskajā ķīmijā,-R.:RTU, 1993.-105 lpp.
   
7. 
   Valters R., Ogļhidrātu ķīmija,-R.:RTU, 1994.-79 lpp.
   
8. 
   Valters R., Heterociklisko savienojumu ķīmija,-R.:RTU, 1995.-102 lpp.
   

Organic Chemistry II (course at choice).

ĶOĶ 222

Professor Raimonds Valters; Associated Professor Māris Utināns

Course description: 6 Credit units; 96 hours (24 lectures 72 laboratories)

Control forms: Exam
Course content:

• 
  Organometallics: Compounds with σ-bond metal - carbon and π-complexes. Types of ligands. The conception on formation of stable π-complexes. Organometallics as catalysts and as intermediates in organic synthesis.
  
• 
  Organoboron, Organosilicon and Phosphor Organic Compounds: Methods of preparation, chemical properties and use in organic synthesis.
  
• 
  Diazo Compounds: Typs and nomenclature. Diazoalkanes, diazoketones, their synthesis and reactions. Diazotation reaction, properties of diazonium salts and use in syntheses.
  
• 
  Ester Condensations Reactions: Synthesis of β-dicarbonyl compounds. Tautomerism and chemical properties of β-dicarbonyl compounds, use in organic syntheses.
  
• 
  Pericyclic Reactions and Rearrangement Reactions: Cycloaddition. Electrocyclic reactions. σ-Rearrangement reactions, “ene”-reaction. Rearrangements by intramolecular migration of groups.
  
• 
  Hydroxy Acids: Preparation and chemical properties, practical use. Enantiomerism and diastereoisomerism.
  
• 
  Amino Acids and Polipeptides: Obtaining and chemical properties of amino acids, their practical use. Method of synthesis of dipeptides, tripeptides and oligopeptides.
  
• 
  Stereoselective Synthesis of Amino Acids: The conception of stereoselective synthesis. Resolution of racemates. Chiral catalysts and chiral auxiliary compounds.
  
• 
  Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds: Classification and nomenclature. 3-Membered rings compounds with one and two heteroatoms. 4-Membered rings compounds with one heteroatom. 5-Membered ring compounds with one heteroatom. 5-Membered ring compounds with two and three heteroatoms. 6-Membered ring compounds with one heteroatom - pyridine,quinoline, isoquinolina, pyrilium salts. 6-Membered ring compounds with two nitrogen atoms. Fused heterocycles - purine.
  
• 
  Chemistry of Carbo-hydrates: Classification. Monosaccharides, their cyclic structures, stable conformation and mutarotation. Chemical properties of monosaccharides. Glucose, galactose, fructose. Oligosaccharides. Polysaccharides.
  

• 
  Laboratory tests topics.
  

1. Organometallic compounds. 2. Organoboron, organosilicon and phosphor organic compounds. 3. Diazo compounds. 4. Ester condensation. Properties and use of β-dicarbonyl compounds. 5. Pericyclic reactions. 6. Hydroxy acids. Enantiomerism and diastereoisomerism. 7. Amino acids and polypeptides. Stereoselective syntesis of amino acids.

• 
  Types of the laboratory syntheses (5 - 6 syntheses at choice).
  

1. 
   Organometallic synthesis. 2. Ester condensation. 3. Synthesis of heterocyclic compounds on the base of β-dicarbonyl compounds. 4. Dien synthesis. 5. Cycloaddition reactions.
   
2. 
   Synthesis and reactions of hydroxy acids. 7. Synthesis and reactions of amino acids.
   

Literature:

1. 
   Ytqkfyl J.Z. Jhufybxtcrfz [bvbz>- V.%Dscifz irjkf> 1990.-752 c.
   
2. 
   Neilands O., Organiskā ķīmija,-R.:Zvaigzne, 1977.-798 lpp.
   
3. 
   Valters R., Heterociklisko savienojumu ķīmija,-R.:RTU, 1995.-102 lpp.
   
4. 
   Valters R., Ogļhidrātu ķīmija,-R.:RTU, 1994.-79 lpp.
   

Additional books.

1. 
   Meirovics I., Organiskā ķīmija,-R.:Zvaigzne, 1992.-525 lpp.
   
2. 
   McMurry I., Organic chemistry,-Pacific Grove,California: Brooks/Cole Publ.Comp., 1988.-1242 pp.
   
3. 
   Valters R., Infrasarkanās spektroskopijas izmantošana organisko savienojumu struktūranalīzē,-R.:RTU, 1990.-82 lpp.
   
4. 
   Valters R., Kodolu magnētiskās rezonanses spektroskopijas izmantošana organiskajā ķīmijā,-R.:RTU, 1991.-110 lpp.
   
5. 
   Valters R., Elektronu spektroskopijas izmantošana organiskajā ķīmijā,- R.:RTU, 1992.-81 lpp.
   
6. 
   Valters R., Masspektrometrijas izmantošana organiskajā ķīmijā,-R.:RTU, 1993.-105 lpp.
   

Quantum chemistry

ĶOĶ 304