SPEAKING
PART 1
•
What sort of building do you live in?
I live in an apartment in a tower block on a modern estate. It’s very
small, with just two bedrooms, a living room, a bathroom and a tiny
kitchen. It’s quite simply furnished, but it’s very comfortable and I’ve
made it look nice with pictures and other things that I’ve picked up in
second-hand shops. The best thing about it is the view. We’re on the 15th
floor, so we can see the whole city from our living room.
•
What do you like or dislike about it?
Well, like I said, it is rather small, and I would really like more space. It
can be a bit claustrophobic at times, especially when I have friends over.
Another problem is that the walls are thin, so you often hear your
neighbours, you know, when they have their television on or when they’re
having an argument. And there’s no outdoor space, like a balcony or a
garden. Perhaps the thing I dislike the most about it is that the building
itself is an eyesore, all concrete. However, because we live in it, we don’t
have to look at it!
•
Are there any ways in which you would improve the building you live in?
I would certainly do something to the walls so that I don’t have to listen
to my neighbours all the time. I know that you can get special material
you put between the walls to reduce noise, but it’s very expensive to get
this done. I would also like a balcony or perhaps a roof garden,
somewhere to sit outside. The only place we can go at the moment is a
park near the tower block, but it’s not very nice.
•
If you were to move, what sort of building would you like to move to?
I wouldn’t want to live anywhere too grand. Perhaps a small townhouse
in the suburbs, with a garden where I can relax or grow flowers or
vegetables. It would need to be energy efficient to cut down on heating
bills, and it would have to be functional but also attractive. I love wood
as a building material, so perhaps it could have some wooden features
like wooden doors and window frames, and perhaps a wooden terrace in
the garden. Something like that.
Describe a building that you know well.
You should say:
where the building is
what it is used for
what the building looks like on the outside
and explain what you like or dislike about this building.
PART 2
A building I’m very familiar with is one that I pass every day on my way
here. It’s on the corner of Hemingway Rise and Coral Street, just outside the
city centre. It’s a college building, part of the university, and it houses the
university’s history department. However, it also has a large hall and a
garden, which are used for public events like conferences and shows. Each
summer, for example, the garden is used for outdoor productions of
Shakespeare plays. Most of the university buildings in the city are very old
and made of traditional yellow stone, but this one is more modern and is
made of red brick with lots of large windows. I’ve never been inside, but I
imagine it gets lots of light, which must make it a pleasant place to study. I
like it because it’s quite grand and has a pleasing geometric fa
ç
ade, giving
it a sense of balance. However, I know that some people really hate it
because it’s out of keeping with the other college buildings. And because of
its red brick fa
ç
ade, it’s known locally as ‘Tomato Ketchup House’, which is
a bit unfair, I think.
Practice tasks 1: Sample answers
PART 3
•
Are there any architectural styles which are particularly common in your
home town or city?
I live in a very large city which has developed over hundreds of years, so
I don’t think there’s just one particular style of architecture which is
common. And I also think that it depends on which area of the city you’re
in. The financial district is very modern, with lots of steel and glass
skyscrapers housing big organisations. Then there’s the entertainment
and shopping district, which is a mix of older buildings, mostly from the
late nineteenth century, and this is where you’ll find the cinemas,
theatres and big department stores for which my city is particularly
famous. On the outskirts, however, in the residential districts, there is
more uniformity. The buildings there are mostly 1950s brick-built semi-
detached houses, with large bay windows and small front and back
gardens. So I suppose you could say that this is the most common
architectural style, even though most houses aren’t built like this
anymore.
•
What changes in architectural style have taken place in your country in the
last 20 or 30 years?
The old industrial cities in my country suffered during the economic
crises of the 1970s and 1980s and many of the manufacturing industries
were forced to close down. After a period of stagnation, the government
decided to attract service industries to these cities, so they demolished
the ugly factories and warehouses, and built business and science parks
in their place. The buildings on these parks are low-rise and high-tech,
with lots of steel, glass and brushed concrete. And they all look very
green and environmentally friendly. For example, they are surrounded by
gardens and lakes and have roof gardens. And this has caught on in other
towns and cities. This has been the most noticeable change in the last
couple of decades.
•
Why do you think that some people prefer modern buildings to more
traditional ones?
I think that in some cases it’s a matter of personal taste, in the same way
that some people prefer modern art to more traditional art. However,
there are also practical considerations, especially if you’re living or
working in those buildings. Modern houses and offices, for example, are
designed not only to look attractive but also to be more comfortable,
more user friendly and more environmentally friendly than old buildings
used to be. They’re light, they’re well-insulated and they make better use
of the space available. Personally speaking, I’d rather live in a modern
house with all its benefits than in an old building with all its
inconveniences.
WRITING
There is an area in my home city known as Little Marlow. It used to have a lot
of beautiful old buildings, some dating back to the 1600s, and as a result it
became one of the city’s biggest tourist attractions. Then, in the late 1990s, the
city council decided that the old buildings were becoming unstable and
dangerous. They demolished them all and replaced them with modern houses,
office blocks and a large shopping centre.
These new buildings were safer, more practical and more comfortable for the
people who lived and worked in them. However, they lacked character and
could have been in any city in any part of the world. The city had lost one of its
most interesting areas, and fewer tourists came as a result.
This example illustrates why it is important to preserve old buildings.
However, there is another side to this argument. At the time, a lot of people
objected to the demolition of these old buildings. They argued that while they
needed to be renovated, they should otherwise have been preserved as they
were. Unfortunately, these buildings had been in such bad condition that some
were in danger of collapsing. It would have been more expensive to renovate
them than to knock them down and build something new in their place.
So is it better to preserve old buildings or to replace them with something
new? I believe that if a building is of historical or cultural importance, we
should do both. We can look to Poland’s capital Warsaw to see how this has
been achieved. The beautiful medieval buildings in the city centre were largely
destroyed during the Second World War. Architects then referred to old
photographs to rebuild them exactly as they were. Today, many visitors to
Warsaw admire these ‘medieval’ buildings, not realising that they were only
built in the 1950s. Compromise, therefore, is the best solution.
Practice tasks 2
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