10.3
Boiler Applications
Boilers can produce low-, medium-, or high-temperature water; low-,
medium-, or high-pressure steam (including process steam); and ther-
mal liquid. Break points between categories are usually defined by
codes.
10.3.1
Hot water boilers
Low-temperature water boilers (to 250
⬚
F) are the most widely used
type for residential, apartment, and commercial construction. Me-
dium-temperature water boilers (250 to 310
⬚
F) are generally used in
industrial and campus-type facilities. High-temperature water (310 to
450
⬚
F) is used for extended campus-type facilities and industrial pro-
cess facilities. Thermal liquid heaters are primarily found in industrial
applications where both space heating and process heating are signif-
icant loads.
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