Chapter- 4 : Reagents (solution) used in clinical laboratories



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chapter 4 reagents

4.2. Types of solution

  • 1.Solid solution: - are mixtures of two or more solids and they are dispersed or mixed randomly throughout one another resulting a heterogeneous mixture. Eg. Alloys
  • 2.Gaseous solution :-is a homogeneous mixture of two or more gases
  • E.g. Air is a solution of O2, N2, H2, CO2 & other gases.
  • 3. Liquid solution: - is a solution where the solvent liquid & solute are also liquid but it can be solid or gas.

4.3 Expression of the strength of solution

  • Expression of the strength of solutions is broadly divided into two
  • 1.Relative Expressions of the concentration
  • 2. Quantitative expression of the concentration.
  • 1. Relative expressions of the concentrations
    • a. Dilute solution
  • - Small amount of solute dissolved in large amount of solvent
  • Example, 00001M NaOH, 1% H2SO4

Expression of the strength of …….

  • c. Concentrated solution
  • Large amount of solute dissolved in a small amount of solvents Example, 98% H2SO4.
  • c. Saturated
      • It is one in which a given volume of solvent has dissolved all the solute that it can under a given condition of temperature and pressure.
    • d. Supper saturated solutions.
  • A super saturated solution is a solution which holds more solute than it can hold normally at a given temperature and pressure.

2. Quantitative expressions of concentration of solution

  • The concentration of solutes in a solution can be expressed quantitatively in physical units or chemical units.
  • A. Physical unit:
      • Percentages
      • Parts per unit
      • Density
      • Specific gravity

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