Central Asia food security and climate change impacts ABSTRACT
The article discusses the problems of the impact of climate change on food security in Central Asia and give conclusion about overcome climate change consequences
Key words: climate change, warming temperature, desertification, climate stressors, risks, green economy
Introduction
Today the world is struggling with multidimensional problems challenges: climate change, inflation, pandemic, subdued unemployment rates, food insecurity and so forth. It is interesting that all of them are connected with each other directly and indirectly. After industrialization climate changes impact on society, economy and health have significantly increased because of burning fossil fuels like oil, gas and coal. Many people have misunderstanding about climate changes. Climate changes main causes are greenhouse gas emissions. It comes from heating building and others. Another main source is garbage.90 percentage of garbage is not recycled today in Uzbekistan. Warming temperature is only meant climate changes. But everything is connected each other. Earth has system which changes in one area can influence another. United Nations reported that people living in developing countries is high vulnerable to climate impacts. these changes in the distribution of the weather patterns are affecting worse low-income countries. Climate changes’ affect is unprecedented. Warming, desertification, biodiversity losses, sea level rise and acidification. We can continue the list and if we do not take actions we pay nature with great financial losses and catastrophic consequences.
The main finding and results
Central Asia’s climate is continental and suffered from water shortage, its agriculture relies on irrigation and plays vital role in region’s economy. Nowadays Central Asia is facing considerable stress to prevent economy from climate changes. But there is not enough political or financial capacity to overcome these growing challenges.
All countries’ main goal is to gain economic growth. If countries want to create environment to gain sustainable economic growth they should have own strategies to assess risks and economic security have main role to gain their goal. Food security is main object to assure economic security. Pandemic shows that food security is one of greatest strategic issue for any country. Agriculture is main sector in region’s economy. Climate stressors are responsible for agriculture losses. Due to high dependence on natural resources of region’s economy and impacts to agriculture products could endanger sustainable economic growth and food security. Climate stressors are consequences of climate change. Increase drought, extreme weather events, increase in temperature are main climate stressors. We should know that what kind of risks are came from climate stressors. Reducing crop yields and livestock productivity is one of the most conspicuous risk also it brings inflation and household incomes reduce significantly. It can be threat multiplier to food security. Protracted droughts are putting people at the risk of famine. Increase in food insecurity is the biggest threat to national security as well as economic security. High soil salinity is another risk and has impact on productivity will increase in irrigation demand. Central Asia is facing rising inflation reflects pandemic related supply demand mismatches and create problems. But it can not be reason to slow down mitigating and adopting climate change. Climate changes in Central Asia can fuel financial vulnerabilities and social problems.
Conclusions
We should not underestimate the risk of climate change. Green economy is the best way to overcome climate change. Climate change also offer new opportunities sustaining ongoing recovery facilitating more efficient and accessible, inclusive financial services and greening the economy. To tackle down problems related to climate change require a global concentrated effort. Green economy focus on access to green finance, investments and innovative technologies also advocacy to macroeconomic approach to economic growth. Climate finance assets under management in climate themed investment funds remain relatively small and reduce greenhouse gas emissions is critical and current pledges are not enough to prevent dangerous consequences of overheating of Central Asia.
References
Un.org/en/climatechange/raising.com
World economic outlook 2021 July
Climate risk profile USAID 2018 April
