Category of voice in modern english

2.1 Mood in English and Armenian


The indicative mood
The indicative mood shows that the speaker considers the action or state denoted by the predicate as an actual fact and affirms or negates its existence in the present, past or future:
The forces of the peace camp are growing in numbers and strength from day to day. The Moscow Kremlin was founded in the 12th century. Tomorrow in the small hours we shall be nearing the sea. She has not finished her task yet.
In languages, the indicative is known as the most common mood, since most statements and questions are expressed in this mood. As opposed to English, which has two types of present tense, namely the present indefinite [I go] and the present continuous [I am going], Armenian has only one present tense equivalent to both English present tenses. The Armenian present tense is a complex formation which combines the auxiliary verb եմ I am and the present participle or past participle, which is built from the infinitive stem of the verb and the ending –ում.
Գրել – գրում – գրում եմ (indicative present)
Գրել –գրում –գրում էի (indicative past, imperfect)
Գրելու եմ (indicative future)
Գրելու էի (indicative future imperfect)
The indicative mood is widely used in Modern English. As has already been stated the verb in the indicative mood has three primary tenses and three secondary (perfect) tenses, two aspect forms–common and continuous, and two voice forms–active and passive.
The imperative mood
1. In the imperative mood the speaker urges the person addressed to fulfill an action. This may be expressed in the form of a command, a request, a warning, etc.
The imperative mood has only one simple form for the second person singular and plural, and is the plain base form of the verb:
Hurry! Leave the door open. Give me what help you can.