Category of voice in modern english

1. The subjunctive future in Armenian
The subjunctive future represents simple forms consisting of the infinitive stem and personal endings. There are two sets:
1) those containing -ե – (1st conjugation): գրել – գրեմ, գրես etc.,
2) those containing -ա – (2nd conjugation): կարդալ – կարդամ, կարդաս etc.
2. The subjunctive past
The subjunctive past forms are also simple and consist of the infinitive stem and a set of special personal endings. There are two sets:
1) those containing -ե – (1st conjugation) գրել® գրեի, գրեիր etc.
2) those containing -ա – (2nd conjugation) կարդալ ® կարդայի, կարդայիր etc.
Uses of the subjunctive future
In Armenian, both the future and past subjunctive have a wide range of applications with various meanings. Most commonly, they appear in subordinate clauses.
The subjunctive future has
a) an optative meaning expressing a wish or an urge that can be made in the form of a statement or question:
Գամ՝ տեսնեմ ՝ինչ կա: Ասե՞մ, թե չասեմ:
Let me come and see what’s on. Should I say it or not?
b) a mandative meaning used in subordinate clauses starting with the conjunction որ that to express a command, a suggestion, a blessing or a curse:
Աստված չանի, որ ձյուն գա: Աստված լինի քո օգնականը:
God forbid that it snow! May God be your helper!
c) a final meaning used in subordinate clauses introduced by որ that or որպեսզի in order to, to express a purpose or a goal:
Ջանացի, որ գործս վերջացնեմ: Եկա, որպեսզի մի բան խնդրեմ:
I tried to finish my work. I came to ask for something.
d) an inclusive first-person-plural imperative meaning that may be rendered by Let’s… or Let’s not…
երգել – երգե՛նք – չերգե՛նք Let’s sing! – Let’s not sing!
e) in a less direct imperative function, the subjective third-person singular and plural forms are often intensified by adding the imperative թող let:
Թող Աստված մեզ օգնի: God help us!
f) a conditional meaning used in a subordinate (conditional) clause initiated by the conjunction եթե if. Such conditions leave the question open as to whether the action will be fulfilled or not:
Եթե ողջ մնանք, շատ բան ենք տեսնելու:
If we stay alive, we will experience many things.
g) a temporal meaning used in subordinate (temporal) clauses introduced by the conjunction երբ when. In such clauses, the verb always refers to the future:
Երբ վաղը մեկնես, ետ չնայես:
When you leave tomorrow, don’t look back.