Caribbean area forage harvest management



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Natural Resources Conservation Service

CARIBBEAN AREA

FORAGE HARVEST MANAGEMENT

(Ac.)


Code 511

Specifications Guide
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This practice consists in the timely cutting and removal of forages from the field as hay, green-chop or ensilage.

With the PURPOSE off:


  1. Optimizing yield and quality of forage at the desired levels

  2. Promoting vigorous plant re-growth

  3. Managing for the desired species composition

  4. Use forage plant biomass as a soil nutrient uptake tool

  5. Controlling insects, diseases and weeds

  6. Maintaining and/or improve wildlife habitat

this PRACTICE APPLIES to:


All land uses where machine harvested forage crops are grown.

CONSIDERATIONS:

  • Harvest during dry climatic conditions.

  • Soil moisture should be low.

  • Harvest for hay must be in the morning but considering low humidity of the sward (water condensation).

For forage species, stage of maturity at harvest, average stubble height and length of cut, see Table 1.

Table 1. Forage Species, Approximate Stage of Maturity at Harvest, Average Stubble Height, and Length of Cut/1.



Common Name

(English and Spanish)



Technical Name

Stage of Maturity at harvest (days)

Average Stubble Height (inches)

Average Length of Cut for Silage (inches)

GRASSES













Angelton or Pajon Mejorado

Dichanthium annulatum

45-60

2

1-3

Corn (Maiz)

Zea maiz

35-60

2

1-3

Elephant grass or Yerba elefante

Pennisetum purpureum

45-90

2

1-3

Guinea grass or Yerba Guinea

Megathyrsus maximum

45-60

4

1-3

Hurricane grass or Yerba Huracan

Bothriochloa pertusa

45-60

2

1-3

Pangola grass or Yerba pangola

Digitaria eriantha

45-60

2

1-3

Signal grass or Brachiarias

Urochloa spp.

45-60

2

1-3

Sorghum or Millo

Sorghum vulgare

35-60

2

1-3

Star grass or Yerba Estrella

Cynodon nlemfuensis

35-60

2

1-3

LEGUMES













Siratro

Macroptilium atropurpureum

30-60

2

1-3

Tan-tan o Zarcilla

Leucaena leucocephala

45-60

2-6

1-3

Desmanthus or desmanto

Desmanthus virgatus

45-60

2-6

1-3

/1 This list is not all inclusive. For other potential species consult the Plant Materials/Grasslands Specialist.
OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE: client must visit fields to manage potential pests and plant deficiencies also verify the harvest equipment.

NRCS, Caribbean Area

May 2012



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