Card 1 Read and translate the text

Card 16
1.Read and translate the text:
Atherosclerosis and Its Treatment
Atherosclerosis is one of the diseases of the cardiovascular system which is due to many causes. There is a number of factors which may determine its de­velopment.
Atherosclerosis of the blood vessels results from metabolic disturbances and particularly from disturbances of cholesterol exchange. These disturbances begin long before there is any external evidence of the disease. Therefore the doctor must prevent its appearance beginning preventive measures and treat­ment as early as possible. Prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis consist mainly of a certain regi­men for the patient, which he must strictly follow. The patient must get up, eat, work, and go to bed at exactly the same time every day.
Sound sleep is very important since it enables the nerve cells to rest. The patient with the signs of atherosclerosis must sleep not less than 7-8 hours and walk before going to bed. Mental and physical overstrain must be excluded.
The incidence of atherosclerosis is high in professional groups with insuffi­cient physical activities. So physical exercises must be part of the prescribed regimen for such persons. Smoking affects unfavorably the walls of the blood vessels and can result in their spasm, that is why patients suffering from atherosclerosis must not smoke.
The diet of the patients with atherosclerosis must contain sufficient amount of proteins, but fats and carbohydrates must be taken in very limited doses. Since the nervous system affects the metabolic processes in the human body the patients with atherosclerosis are prescribed such drugs as bromide and vale­rian to improve its general condition.

Ateroskleroz va uni davolash

Ateroskleroz - bu yurak-qon tomir tizimi kasalliklaridan biri, bu ko'plab sabablarga bog'liq. Uning rivojlanishini belgilaydigan bir qator omillar mavjud.

Qon tomirlarining aterosklerozi metabolizmning buzilishi va ayniqsa xolesterin almashinuvi buzilishidan kelib chiqadi. Ushbu buzilishlar kasallikning tashqi dalillari mavjud bo'lishidan ancha oldin boshlanadi. Shuning uchun shifokor uning paydo bo'lishining oldini olish va profilaktika choralari va davolashni iloji boricha erta boshlashi kerak. Aterosklerozning oldini olish va davolash asosan bemor uchun ma'lum bir rejimdan iborat bo'lib, unga qat'iy rioya qilishi kerak. Bemor har kuni turishi, ovqatlanishi, ishlashi va yotishi kerak.

To'g'ri uxlash juda muhimdir, chunki u asab hujayralarini dam olishga imkon beradi. Ateroskleroz belgilari bo'lgan bemor 7-8 soatdan kam uxlamasligi va yotishdan oldin yurishi kerak. Ruhiy va jismoniy haddan tashqari kuchlanishni istisno qilish kerak.

Ateroskleroz bilan kasallanish darajasi jismoniy faolligi etarli bo'lmagan professional guruhlarda yuqori. Shunday qilib, jismoniy mashqlar bunday kishilar uchun belgilangan rejimning bir qismi bo'lishi kerak. Chekish qon tomirlarining devorlariga salbiy ta'sir qiladi va ularning spazmiga olib kelishi mumkin, shuning uchun ateroskleroz bilan og'rigan bemorlar chekmasligi kerak.

Ateroskleroz bilan og'rigan bemorlarning dietasida etarli miqdordagi oqsil bo'lishi kerak, ammo yog'lar va uglevodlar juda cheklangan dozalarda olinishi kerak. Asab tizimi inson organizmidagi metabolik jarayonlarga ta'sir qilganligi sababli, ateroskleroz bilan kasallangan bemorlarga uning umumiy holatini yaxshilash uchun bromid va valerian kabi dorilar buyuriladi.