Cambridge International as and a level Economics Ebook

Low human 
development 
Country
176
Guinea-Bissau
0.364
48.6
2.3
9.5
1,042
177
Sierra Leone
0.359
48.1
3.3
7.3
881
178
Burundi
0.355
50.9
2.7
11.3
544
178
Guinea
0.355
54.5
1.6
8.8
941
180
Central African 
Republic
0.352
49.1
3.5
6.8
722
181
Eritrea
0.351
62.0
3.4
4.6
531
182
Mali
0.344
51.9
2.0
7.5
853
183
Burkina Faso
0.343
55.9
1.3
6.9
1,202
184
Chad
0.340
49.9
1.5
7.4
1,258
185
Mozambique
0.327
50.7
1.2
9.2
906
Table 9.2 
The HDI rankings of 20 countries, 2012
Source
: Human Development Report 2013, UNDP
The characteristics of 
developed, developing and 
emerging economies
Developed economies
are high-income countries. Th
ey 
have mature markets, high standards of living, high levels 
of productivity and a number of other characteristics that 
are discussed below.
Th
e term ‘
developing economy
’ is used to describe a 
great variety of diff erent countries and there are many 
diff erences between them, so in some ways it is wrong 
to think of them as a distinct group with the same 
characteristics. Very oft en the diff erences that exist 
between them are related to the geographical area in 
which the countries are located. Th
is also means that 
developing countries located in the same region are 
usually aff ected by the same types of problems. Th
e 
problems of developing countries in sub-Saharan