Cambridge ielts 13 Reading

Participants 
instead 
of 
volunteers 
Took part in = play 
25. 
strangers 
Explanation: Section D: Studies conducted by Carolyn DeClerck of the University of 
Antwerp, Belgium, revealed that people who had received a dose of oxytocin 
actually became less cooperative when dealing with complete strangers. 
Lack of willingness = less cooperative 
26. 
names 
Explanation: Paragraph D: Meanwhile, Carsten De Dreu at the University of 
Amsterdam ……. Dutch men are quicker to associate positive words with Dutch 
names 
than 
with 
foreign 
ones. 
Positive 
associations 
= 
associate 
positive 
words 
Those 
from 
other 
cultures 
= 
foreign 
ones 
(Dutch names are familiar to Dutch men) 
27. D 
Most managers are unaware of the significant impact of trends on the lives of 
consumers. 
Explanation: Section 1: manager often fails to recognize the less obvious but 
profound ways these influences consumers’ aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors. 
Fail 
to 
recognize 
= 
are 
unaware 
of 
Significant impact that trends have on = profound ways these trends are influencing 
Consumers ‘lives = consumers’ aspirations, attitudes, and behaviors 

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28. C 
(Coach was anxious to safeguard his reputation as a manufacturer of luxury goods – 
Coach worried about protecting his reputation as a manufacturer of luxury goods) 
Explanation: Section 3: The Coach brand had been a symbol of opulence and luxury 
for nearly 70 years, and the most obvious reaction to the downturn would have been 
to 
the 
lower 
price. 
However, 
that 
would 
have 
risked 
cheapening 
the 
brand’s 
image. 
Reputation 
= 
brand’s 
image 
Risked cheapening the brand’s image: risk reducing the value brand image 
29. A 
(It 
did 
not 
require 
Tesco 
to 
modify 
its 
core 
business 
activities) 
Explanation: Section 4, last sentence: Tesco has not abandoned its traditional retail 
offerings 
but 
augmented 
its 
business 
with 
these 
innovations 
… 
Abandoned its traditional retail offerings = modify its core business activities 
30. D 
(It is a form of strategy that seems to have few obvious benefits.) 
Explanation: Paragraph 5: “At first glance, spending … ..ounds like it’s hardly 
worthwhile” 
A few obvious benefits = hardly worthwhile 
31. D 
(It was a handheld game có addressed peoples’ Concerns about unhealthy lifestyles 
– it’s a handheld game solve everyone’s concerns about the lifestyles that are 
harmful 
to 
health) 
Explanation: Paragraph 6: like other handheld games, …. The ME2, introduced in 
mid-2008, catered to kids’ huge desire to play video games while countering the 

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negatives, such 
as 
associations 
with 
lack 
of 
exercise 
and 
obesity. 
– 
Unhealthy 
lifestyles: 
lack 
of 
exercise 
and 
obesity 
– Countering: Against 
32. 
D 
Explanation: Section 6: By reaffirming the toy category with physical play, the ME2 
counteracted some of the widely perceived negative impacts of digital gaming 
devices. 
“Counteracted some of the widespread negative impacts of digital gaming devices”: 
preventing some of the most common negative effects of video game machines. 
Besides the advantage of being integrated with physical play, iToys’ products also 
have a negative impact – the new iToys come with ME2 to address those negative 
effects. 
Harmful effects = negative impacts 
33. 
C 
Explanation: Section 5: In 2006, teamed up with technology company chúng Apple 
to 
launch 
the 
Nike 
+. 
Collaborate = team up with 
34. 
B 
Explanation: Paragraph 4: … introduces its Greener Living Program, which 
demonstrates 
the 
firm’s 
commitment 
to 
protecting 
the 
environment. 
Incentive 
scheme: 
Greener 
Living 
Program 
Social 
responsibility 
– 
protecting 
the 
environment 
Commitment = responsibility 
35. 
A 
Explanation: Section 3: … customers were eager to lift themselves and the country 
out 
of 
tough 
times. 
Positive 
attitude 
= 
eager 
Difficult circumstances = tough times 

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36. 
C 
Explanation: Section 5: … to incorporate elements of a seemingly irrelevant trend 
into one of the core offerings … By combining Nike’s original value proposition for 
amateur 
athletes 
with 
one 
for 
digital 
consumers 
… 
Irrelevant 
= 
unrelated 
Nike: supply of sports shoes for athletes = one piece of digital goods = unrelated 
product sector 
37. 
A 
Explanation: Paragraph 3: Creating the sub-brand allowed Coach to avert an 
across-the-board 
price 
cut. 
Avoid 
= 
avert 
Bounte cho customers less = price cut 
38.B 
Explanation: paragraph 7, the first sentence: Once you have gained perspective on 
how to make changes in your opinions, you can determine which of our three 
innovation 
strategies 
to 
pursue. 
Identify the most appropriate … = determine which of our three…. 
39.C 
Explanation: Paragraph 7: Finally, if aspects of the category clash with undesired 
outcomes of a trend, such as associations with unhealthy lifestyles, there is an 
opportunity to counteract those changes by reaffirming the values of your category. 
Negative 
aspect 
= 
undesired 
outcomes 
Reaffirm the value of your category = emphasize your brand’s traditional values 
40.D 

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Explanation: Paragraph 7: If analysis reveals an increase in disparity between your 
category and consumers’ new focus, your innovations need to transcend the 
category 
to 
integrate 
the 
two 
worlds. 
Disparity = lack of connection 

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CAMBRIDGE IELTS 13 READING – 
TEST 3 – ANSWERS 
1. 
furniture 
Explanation: 
paragraph 
2 
“This is an important source of timber for building houses, and is increasingly being 
used as a replacement for endangered hardwoods in the furniture construction 
industry.” 
the making of = construction 
2. 
sugar 
Explanation: 
paragraph 
2 
“Immature coconut flowers are tightly clustered together among the leaves at the top 
of the trunk. The flower stems maybe stapped for their sap to produce the drink, and 
the sap can also be reduced by boiling to produce a type of sugar used for cooking. 
” 
used as = produce; a = a type of 
3. 
ropes 
Explanation: 
paragraph 
3 
“The thick fibrous middle layer produces coconut fiber, ‘coir’, which has many uses 
and 
is