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of survival in this changing environment lies in combining their ancestral knowledge with the best of
modern science.” So, the correct heading for this paragraph is “the reaction of Inuit people to climate
change”
=> ANSWER: i
28. PARAGRAPH C
In this paragraph, the writer describes how
hard the Arctic environment is, for example: “The
Canadian Arctic is a vast, treeless polar desert that‟s covered with snow for most of the year….
Farming is out of question and nature offers meagre pickings…. The environment tested them to the
limits: sometimes the colonists were successful, sometimes they failed and vanished.”
So, the correct heading for this paragraph is “a difficult landscape”
=> ANSWER: vi
29. PARAGRAPH D
Some alternative sources of essential supplies are mentioned in this paragraph: “Provisions avai
lable in local shops have to be flown into Nunavut on one of the most costly air networks in the
world, or brought by supply ship during the few ice-
free weeks of summer. It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to replace meat they
obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. “
So, the correct heading for this paragraph is “alternatives sources of essential supplies”
=> ANSWER: iii
30.
PARAGRAPH E
Negative effects of climate change on the Inuit people‟s life is the main idea of this paragrap
h. In the first sentence (topic sentence), the writer claims that: “While the Inuit may not actually
starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate change, there has certainly been an impact on
people‟s
health.” After that, the writer lists a variety of detrimental effects, including obesity, heart dise
ase,
diabetes, crisis of identity and a high incidence of depression. So, the correct heading for this
paragraph is “Negative effects on well-being”
=> ANSWER: vii
31. PARAGRAPH F
The paragraph is about the Inuit‟s role in comparison with outside scientists in researching climate
change: “With so much at stake, the Inuit are determined to play a key role in teasing out the mysteries
of climate change in the Arctic.” To be more specific, the writer then talks about the growth of Inuit
opinion
represented by John Amagoalik, an Inuit leader and politician: ” In the early days, scientists
ignored us…. But in recent years, IQ has had much more credibility and weight.” In fact, the
Inuit are “helping to set the research agenda”. So, the correct heading for this paragraph should be ”
Respect for Inuit opinion grows”
=> ANSWER: iv
32. PARAGRAPH G
In this paragraph, the writer concludes: “There are still huge gaps in our environmental knowledge,
and despite the scientific onslaught, many predictions are no more than best guesses.” This
means
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“understanding of climate change remains limited.”
=> ANSWER: ii
QUESTIONS 33-40:
COMPLETE THE SUMMARY OF PARAGRAPH C AND D. CHO
OSE NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS FROM THESE
PARAGRAPHS.
33. IT WOULD CLEARLY BE IMPOSSIBLE FOR THE PEOPLE TO
ENGAGE IN…. AS A MEANS OF SUPPORTING THEMSELVES.
Keywords: impossible, a means
Looking at paragraph C, we find that: “Farming is out of the question…” So the missing word is
“farming”
+ impossible = out of the question
=> ANSWER: farming
34. & 35. FOR THOUSANDS OF
YEARS THEY HAVE HAD TO RELY
ON CATCHING … AND …AS A MEANS OF SUSTENANCE.
Keywords: rely on , catching
The co-
ordinator “and” gives us a sign to find two parallel words. Continuing to read paragraph C, w
e have: “Humans first settled in the Arctic a mere 4,500 years ago, surviving by exploiting sea
mammals and fish.” So the missing word is “sea mammals” and “fish”.
+ thousands of years ~ 4,500 years
+ catching = exploiting
+ sea mammals and fish = a means of sustenance
=> ANSWER: sea mammals, fish
36. THE …. PEOPLE WERE AN EXAMPLE OF THE LATTER AND F
OR THEM THE ENVIRONMENT DID NOT PROVE UNMANAGEABLE.
Keywords: the latter, environment, unmanageable
In
the end of paragraph C, it is stated that: “But around a thousand years ago, one group e
merged that was uniquely well adapted to cope with the Arctic environment. These Thule people
moved in from Alaska, …. They are the ancestors of today‟s Inuit people.” Therefore, the Thule
people are the latter.
=> ANSWER: Thule
37. THE TERRITORY OF NUVANUT CONSISTS OF LITTLE MORE THAN
ICE, ROCK AND A FEW…
Keywords: Nuvanut, ice, rock and..
“Ice, rock” cannot be paraphrased, so we merely have to scan these words.
Moving to paragraph D,
we find that: “Nuvanut is 1.9 million square kilometres of rock and ice, and a handful of islands
around the North Pole.” So the missing word is “islands”.
+ a few = a handful of
=> ANSWER: islands
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38 & 39. IN RECENT YEARS, MANY OF THEM HAVE BEEN OBLIGED TO
GIVE UP THEIR …LIFESTYLE, BUT THEY CONTINUE TO DEPEND
MAINLY ON ….FOR THEIR FOOD AND CLOTHES.
Keywords: give up, lifestyle, food and clothes.
The fourth sentence in paragraph D is : “Over the past 40 years, most have abandoned
their nomadic
ways and .., but they still rely heavily on nature to provide food and clothing. “
+ over the past 40 years = in recent years
+ many of them = most
+ give up = abandon
+ still = continue to
+ depend (mainly) on = rely (heavily) on
+ Life style = ways
So the missing words are “nomadic” and “nature”.
=> ANSWER: nomadic, nature
40. …PRODUCE IS PARTICULARLY EXPENSIVE.
Keywords: expensive
This keyword directs us to the sentence: “It would cost a family around £7,000 a year to repl
ace meat they obtained themselves through hunting with imported meat. ” The amount of £7,000
means that the produce is particularly expensive, so the missing word is “imported”.
=> ANSWER: imported
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