Cambridge Grammar of English Hardback with cd-rom a comprehensive Guide

WARNINGS, ADVICE, SUGGESTIONS

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Warnings are speech acts in which the speaker states the possible negative

outcome of a particular course of action for the listener. The listener may choose

to heed or not heed the warning.

Advice is a speech act where the speaker expresses their view of how the

listener or others ought best to act to solve a problem or achieve a goal. The

listener may choose to heed or not heed the advice.

Suggestions are speech acts where the speaker proposes a course of action for

the listener or others, which may include the speaker. The listener may choose to

take up or not take up the suggestion.