Byline: By danny hakim section: Section B; Column 0; Metropolitan Desk; Pg. 1 Length

URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: INTERNET & WWW (90%); MUSEUMS & GALLERIES (89%); HISTORY (78%); FUNDRAISING (77%); INTERNET SOCIAL NETWORKING (76%); ARCHIVE COLLECTIONS (74%); HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCE (72%); WRITERS & WRITING (68%); ANNIVERSARIES (62%)
GEOGRAPHIC: BELGIUM (52%)
LOAD-DATE: June 17, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
CORRECTION-DATE: June 19, 2008

CORRECTION: An article on Tuesday about a museum in Belgium devoted to the Mundaneum, an early concept of a worldwide information and communication network, misstated the year the Nazis marched on Belgium. It was 1940, not 1939.
GRAPHIC: PHOTOS: PAPER TRAIL: The telegraph room in the days of the original Mundaneum, above, and, at top, a conceptual structure of information at the museum. (PHOTOGRAPHS BY, TOP, ALEX WRIGHT/THE NEW YORK TIMES

ABOVE, MUNDANEUM) (pg.F1)

LEGACY: The new Mundaneum has rows of drawers with millions of original index cards and an archive of books, slides and other artifacts. (PHOTOGRAPHS BY ALEX WRIGHT/THE NEW YORK TIMES) (pg.F4) CHART: INDEX CARDS AND ELECTRIC TELESCOPES: Born in 1868, Paul Otlet set out to collect data on every book, journal and periodical ever published, and gather the information in a repository called the Mundaneum, which has been described as a card-and-cabinet precursor to the World Wide Web. (Sources: ''The Universe of Information'' and ''The Origins of Information Science and the I.I.B./F.I.D.'' by W. Boyd Rayward) (pg.F4)
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The New York Times
June 17, 2008 Tuesday

Late Edition - Final

MEDICINE Index Ranks Companies on Efforts To Get Their Drugs to Poor Countries
BYLINE: By DONALD G. McNEIL Jr.
SECTION: Section F; Column 0; Science Desk; GLOBAL UPDATE; Pg. 6
LENGTH: 257 words
An unusual ranking of pharmaceutical companies is being unveiled this week. It evaluates them by how easy they make it for patients in poor countries to get drugs and vaccines.

The list, called the Access to Medicine Index, has been created for ''social responsibility'' funds and investors who want to know how companies whose shares they own or might buy are doing at helping people at risk of AIDS, tuberculosis, malaria and other third world diseases. But it may also be useful to governments, medical charities and journalists, its founder said.

''Rather than looking at the pharmaceutical industry as a black box,'' said Wim Leereveld, a former pharmaceutical marketing entrepreneur who created the index, it will hold some companies up ''as shining examples to others.''

The list, at atmindex.org, will rate companies on criteria like how cheaply they sell their products in poor countries, which drugs or vaccines they ship to which countries, whether they permit sales of generic versions of their patented drugs, how much they donate and how much research they do into neglected diseases.

The index is owned by a foundation based in Haarlem, the Netherlands, that has been gathering data for several years. Pharmaceutical companies have been allowed to verify it, and independent experts have reviewed the conclusions, Mr. Leereveld said.

It is backed by Bank Sarasin, Ethos, the Central Finance Board of the Methodist Church and other institutions that collectively oversee investments of over $1 trillion, according to the index.

URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY (92%); VACCINES (90%); DEVELOPING COUNTRIES (90%); PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATION MFG (90%); DISEASES & DISORDERS (90%); GENERIC DRUGS (88%); ENTREPRENEURSHIP (78%); MALARIA (77%); CHARITIES (77%); TROPICAL DISEASES (77%); VOLUNTARY HEALTH ORGANIZATIONS (77%); MEDICAL CHARITIES (73%); TUBERCULOSIS (73%); AIDS & HIV (73%); GENERIC PRODUCTS (68%)
GEOGRAPHIC: EUROPE (66%); NETHERLANDS (87%)
LOAD-DATE: June 17, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
GRAPHIC: CHART: COMPONENTS OF THE ACCESS TO MEDICINE INDEX
PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company

667 of 1231 DOCUMENTS

The New York Times
June 17, 2008 Tuesday

Late Edition - Final

WHAT'S ON TODAY
BYLINE: By KATHRYN SHATTUCK
SECTION: Section E; Column 0; The Arts/Cultural Desk; Pg. 9
LENGTH: 716 words
9 P.M. (13, 49) YOUNG AND RESTLESS IN CHINA ''Frontline'' follows nine young Chinese adults across four years as they balance tradition and Westernization while grappling with a freewheeling economy. Those profiled include Wang Xiaolei, a rapper, above; Lu Dong, a 32-year-old businessman starting his own Internet-based tailoring company; Miranda Hong, a marketing executive; Ben Wu, an Internet cafe entrepreneur; and Zhang Yao, a medical resident.

9 A.M. (ABC) LIVE WITH REGIS AND KELLY Kelly Preston talks about her latest film, ''The Tenth Circle,'' based on the novel by Jodi Picoult; Idina Menzel performs.

8 P.M. (CBS) AFI'S 10 TOP 10 Whichever way you do the math, it still adds up. This latest chapter, and 11th annual special, in the ''AFI's 100 Years ...'' series counts down the top 10 films in 10 classic American genres, as ranked by the American Film Institute, and then crowns the winner in each category. The films will be revealed over three hours by Jessica Alba (romantic comedy), Sean Astin (fantasy), Gabriel Byrne (mystery), Kirk Douglas (epic), Clint Eastwood (western), Cuba Gooding Jr. (sports), Jennifer Love Hewitt (animation), Quentin Tarantino (gangster), Sigourney Weaver (science fiction) and James Woods (courtroom drama).

9 P.M. (NBC) AMERICA'S GOT TALENT A third round of would-be stars -- singers, dancers, contortionists, comedians, you name it -- unveil their abilities in the hope of getting viewers to vote them into the $1 million grand prize. David Hasselhoff, Piers Morgan and Sharon Osbourne return as the show's judges; Jerry Springer is host.

9 P.M. (DIY) DESPERATE LANDSCAPES Jason Cameron, a licensed contractor, and his team transform the yard of Leslie and Chris Srodek-Johnson of Sagamore Hills, Ohio, a soon-to-be-green space that won the dubious distinction of having been voted ''America's Most Desperate Landscape'' by viewers.

9 P.M. (Fox) HELL'S KITCHEN Giving new meaning to the term birthing pains, the final four contestants must prepare lunch for 80 ravenous and queasy expectant women. The winning chef gets a $1,000 shopping spree; the others have to clean up the mess. And then there's the punishment doled out to the cook who burns Gordon Ramsay's hand.

9 P.M. (Sundance) BIG IDEAS FOR A SMALL PLANET A look at gadgets that help the planet, including circuit boards made from chicken feathers and shopping malls powered by the shoppers themselves. At 9:35, in the French documentary ''Strait Through the Ice'' (2006), above, Yves Billy examines the environmental and economic impact of the melting of Arctic polar ice, which has opened up a northwest passage that will provide a maritime route between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

10 P.M. (Bravo) FLIPPING OUT Jeff Lewis returns for a second season of obsessive-compulsive seven-figure house-flipping, assisted by Jenni, who moonlights as a voice-over artist; Chris, Jenni's husband and the new house manager; a second Chris, to assist the first; Zoila, Jeff's housekeeper; and Ryan, Jeff's former boyfriend and current business partner.

10 P.M. (Fuse) THE ROCK & ROLL ACID TEST More myth-testing as a witting participant trips out in a hallucinogenic simulator to challenge the notion that musicians are at their best when under the influence. Testing other theories requires snorting live ants and performing in a zero-gravity plane.

10 P.M. (Oxygen) TORI & DEAN: HOME SWEET HOLLYWOOD This third foray into the lives of Tori Spelling and her husband, Dean McDermott, picks up with the couple back in Los Angeles and awaiting the birth of their second child after having shuttered their country inn, Chateau La Rue. High points in this edition include buying their first house; celebrating the first birthday of their son, Liam; publishing Ms. Spelling's first book; and welcoming their first daughter.

11 P.M. (Travel) LAWRENCE OF AMERICA Lawrence Beldon-Smythe continues his quest to uncover things unique to this country by sampling Greek and Roman traditions at the University of Georgia, where he visits a sorority house, attends a college football game and learns to shake his pompom and various body parts as a cheerleader. At 11:30, he attempts to become the first English reporter launched into space when he visits NASA in Florida. KATHRYN SHATTUCK
URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: NETWORK TELEVISION (89%); HIP HOP CULTURE (77%); FILM (75%); NOVELS & SHORT STORIES (75%); DOCUMENTARY FILMS (75%); LITERATURE GENRES (74%); SCIENCE FICTION LITERATURE (74%); RAP MUSIC (72%); ANIMATION (70%); COMEDY FILMS (70%); ARTISTS & PERFORMERS (69%); PLANETS & ASTEROIDS (69%); DANCE (69%); RETAILERS (60%); CIRCUIT BOARDS (70%); SINGERS & MUSICIANS (69%)
COMPANY: HELL'S KITCHEN SYSTEMS INC (52%); CNINSURE INC (91%)
ORGANIZATION: AMERICAN FILM INSTITUTE (55%)
TICKER: CISG (NASDAQ) (91%)
PERSON: REGIS PHILBIN (57%); JESSICA ALBA (55%); JENNIFER LOVE HEWITT (54%)
GEOGRAPHIC: OHIO, USA (79%) UNITED STATES (93%); CHINA (91%)
LOAD-DATE: June 17, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
GRAPHIC: PHOTOS
PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

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The New York Times
June 16, 2008 Monday

The New York Times on the Web

The Value of Hedge Funds
SECTION: Section ; Column 0; Editorial Desk; LETTER; Pg.
LENGTH: 231 words
To the Editor:

Re ''The Great Seduction'' (column, June 10):

While David Brooks makes some good points about debt and thrift, he paints with a broad brush an unwarranted negative picture of recent financial innovation.

Mr. Brooks states that ''Bill Gates built a socially useful product to make his fortune,'' but then writes, ''But what message do the compensation packages that hedge fund managers get send across the country?''

But hedge fund managers perform many ''socially useful'' functions for shareholders, consumers and the economy. They play a vital role in channeling capital to its most efficient uses.

Managers like Carl C. Icahn, William A. Ackman, and Phillip Goldstein have held many a chief executive's feet to the fire, forcing these executives to create value for all shareholders.

Turnarounds at companies from the McDonald's Corporation to Marvel Entertainment have been instigated by the activism of hedge funds.

Today, hedge funds are also playing roles similar to venture capital in the 1980s in providing seed capital to the Microsofts of tomorrow.

It's also worth noting that hedge funds were some of the first to blow the whistle on subprime securities, short selling them for the benefit of their investors.

John Berlau Washington, June 12, 2008

The writer is director of the Center for Entrepreneurship at the Competitive Enterprise Institute.
URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: HEDGE FUNDS (93%); INVESTMENT MANAGEMENT (90%); LETTERS & COMMENTS (90%); ENTREPRENEURSHIP (77%); VENTURE CAPITAL (76%); SHAREHOLDERS (75%); EDITORIALS & OPINIONS (74%)
COMPANY: MCDONALD'S CORP (69%)
TICKER: MCD (NYSE) (69%); MCD (SWX) (69%)
INDUSTRY: NAICS722211 LIMITED-SERVICE RESTAURANTS (69%); SIC5812 EATING PLACES (69%)
PERSON: BILL GATES (58%); MICHAEL MCMAHON (74%)
LOAD-DATE: June 16, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
DOCUMENT-TYPE: Letter
PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

Copyright 2008 The New York Times Company

669 of 1231 DOCUMENTS

The New York Times
June 15, 2008 Sunday

Late Edition - Final

Kathy Griffin Just Can't Shut Up
BYLINE: By HUGH HART
SECTION: Section AR; Column 0; Arts and Leisure Desk; Pg. 18
LENGTH: 1030 words
DATELINE: LOS ANGELES
KATHY GRIFFIN skipped the formalities when she swept into her living room dressed in a floor-length gown and asked a visitor, ''Can you see my bra?'' Preparing for a photo shoot, she hoped the flesh-colored straps weren't showing. A few minutes later she appeared again, this time in a peach-colored casual suit. Perching her 5-foot-4 frame on a stool facing a picture window overlooking the Hollywood Hills, home to the rich and famous, she noted dryly, ''I watch them all and judge them all.''

Ms. Griffin, 47, has gleaned considerable mileage from her ability to pass judgment on showbiz bigwigs. ''Kathy Griffin: My Life on the D-List,'' which began its fourth season Thursday on Bravo, follows this peppery comedian and her entourage as she skewers celebrities and submits to minor-league humiliations from industry insiders, all the while trying to hustle her way up the Hollywood totem pole.

In her much-bleeped reality show, the winner of the 2007 Emmy for outstanding noncompetition reality program, Ms. Griffin has no mercy for any so-called A-lister she deems ripe for takedown, like Renee Zellweger. ''I made this horrible joke about her, and a couple weeks later she sent me those flowers with a note that said, 'Warmest wishes, Renee Zellweger.' Isn't that chilling?''

Ms. Griffin interprets the gift as a hostile gesture. ''If I turn up mysteriously missing, I think you should call Renee Zellweger,'' she said. ''She should be in the Top 30'' names of suspects, ''but you know that list is getting long.''

Over the next hour Ms. Griffin proved her point by offering tart assessments of Oprah Winfrey, whom she considers both her idol and her nemesis; Conan O'Brien; Ryan Seacrest; Miley Cyrus; Russell Crowe; Hugh Hefner; Nicole Kidman; and even Michael Gelman, executive producer of ''Live With Regis and Kelly.''

''Not that it doesn't occur to me that I'm burning bridges,'' Ms. Griffin said. ''I do know I shouldn't say this stuff, and I do have voices in my head, and I do have my mom, the angel on my shoulder, telling me to stop, but I just can't. I can't shut up. And obviously I've paid the price.''

For example Ms. Griffin lost her job as a host of red-carpet coverage for the E! Entertainment channel after joking at the 2005 Golden Globes that Dakota Fanning had entered rehab. Her bosses weren't laughing. ''After the broadcast, people at E! told me Team Fanning was furious,'' said Ms. Griffin. ''To me there's something hilarious about a 10-year-old girl having that much power. Hilarious to the point where I got fired.''

Ms. Griffin said that she had also been banned from several talk shows, including ''Late Show With David Letterman.'' A spokesman for the ''Late Show'' production company, Worldwide Pants, declined to comment.

Ms. Griffin grew up one of five kids raised by wisecracking parents in a Chicago suburb. In high school she cultivated a quick wit to fend off bullies. Moving to Los Angeles at 19, she performed with the Groundlings improv troupe and in 1996, when she was 35, joined the cast of Brooke Shields's sitcom, ''Suddenly Susan.''

''I never wanted to be a stand-up comedian,'' Ms. Griffin said. ''I just wanted to be Rhoda. 'Suddenly Susan' wasn't 'The Mary Tyler Moore Show,' but damn it, I was the sidekick to the pretty girl, and I got the jokes, and I was in absolute heaven. I could have been a sidekick forever.''

The president and chief executive of NBC Universal, Jeff Zucker, had a different idea after seeing her stand-up act at a Los Angeles comedy club in 2003. ''It was clear that Kathy no longer needed to be a sidekick,'' he said. ''If she was honest about her life, she could be a leading lady.''

A frequent target of Ms. Griffin's barbs, Mr. Zucker said he was not surprised that she had alienated some show business figures: ''Those who don't have thick skin will never understand Kathy. She does not have a seven-second delay in her head, which is part of Kathy's charm and also what's dangerous about her.''

When Mr. Zucker (then president of NBC Entertainment) later brought Ms. Griffin together with Bravo executives, he said, ''we basically decided the best way to go forward with Kathy was for her to be herself because her own life was far more interesting than any role we could create for her.''

In the fourth season of ''The D-List'' Ms. Griffin co-hosted a New Year's Eve countdown with Anderson Cooper, only to find her assistants, playing a drinking game, nearly passed out from downing a shot of liquor each time she called the CNN anchor Andy.

In later episodes Ms. Griffin, who has cultivated a gay following, performs for passengers on a ''pink'' flight to a gay Mardi Gras in Australia. And in Mexico, taking a cue from Ms. Winfrey, Ms. Griffin, along with Steve Wozniak, a founder of Apple, open an academy for underprivileged children in Mexico. (Mr. Wozniak pops up as Ms. Griffin's companion throughout the summer series, but in April the couple broke up.)

Ms. Griffin has suffered other personal travails since the show began. In 2006 she divorced her husband, Matt Moline, a software entrepreneur, and during the taping of Season 3, last year, her father, John, a wry presence on several episodes, died.

The setbacks only seem to fuel Ms. Griffin's capacity for finding humor in the most unlikely places. Having performed for soldiers in Iraq and Afghanistan, she said she was especially proud of a forthcoming episode that chronicles her visit to Walter Reed Army Medical Center: ''I'm not going to make a difference, obviously, but I can at least make them laugh.''

As it turned out, Ms. Griffin's act bombed, she said. ''I had walkouts at an amputee show. That's bad. So there's about 130 people left and I said, 'O.K., maybe this didn't go so well, but I brought my Emmy, so anybody who'd like to line up in the lobby after the show and get your picture taken with the Emmy, I'll be there.' '' Ms. Griffin paused. Every one of them came by, she recalls proudly. ''The show itself was a disaster, but meeting these guys and getting a chance to hear their stories, that was the triumph.''

URL: http://www.nytimes.com
SUBJECT: CELEBRITIES (75%); REALITY TELEVISION (73%); DISMISSALS (61%)
COMPANY: E ENTERTAINMENT TELEVISION INC (60%)
PERSON: OPRAH WINFREY (53%); NICOLE KIDMAN (52%); RYAN SEACREST (52%); REGIS PHILBIN (52%); MILEY CYRUS (52%); DAKOTA FANNING (50%)
GEOGRAPHIC: LOS ANGELES, CA, USA (72%) CALIFORNIA, USA (72%) UNITED STATES (72%)
CATEGORY: Broadcasting
Kathy Griffin
LOAD-DATE: June 15, 2008
LANGUAGE: ENGLISH
GRAPHIC: PHOTO: Peppery D-lister : ''I watch them all and judge them all,'' says Kathy Griffin, here with her 2007 Emmy, of Hollywood's so-called A-listers.(PHOTOGRAPH BY MIKE RUIZ/BRAVO)
PUBLICATION-TYPE: Newspaper

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670 of 1231 DOCUMENTS

The New York Times
June 15, 2008 Sunday

Late Edition - Final

Starting to Think Outside the Jar
BYLINE: By G. PASCAL ZACHARY.

G. Pascal Zachary teaches journalism at Stanford and writes about technology and economic development. E-mail: [e-mail]

SECTION: Section BU; Column 0; Money and Business/Financial Desk; PING; Pg. 4
LENGTH: 927 words
WHEN it comes to innovations in everyday essentials, the glass is either half-empty or half-full.

With higher energy prices seemingly here to stay, clever people are devising ways to reduce the resources and energy consumed in making a wide range of everyday essentials.

''To stretch our scarce resources, we absolutely do need to reinvent many of the production processes we are using today,'' says Gwen Ruta, vice president for corporate partnerships at the Environmental Defense Fund.

But the challenges are enormous. Consider industrial glass, used to make windows in houses and cars, containers for liquids, screens for computers and cellphones, and hybrid products like fiberglass or fiber optics.

Glassmaking is a based on old, stable technologies that require lots of materials and energy. The basic furnace, which melts sand into glass at extremely high temperatures, hasn't undergone a fundamental change since the 1850s. Furnace designers have long contented themselves with small improvements, such as using pure oxygen to improve energy efficiency.

Today, glassmaking faces a technological upheaval that offers a reminder that ''it is a mistake to assume that older technologies are less dynamic than new ones,'' says David Edgerton, a historian at Imperial College in London and the author of ''The Shock of the Old,'' a history of the evolution of pre-electronic technologies in the 20th century.

Across the United States and around the world, the ''greening'' of glass is only getting started. ''We're making glass essentially the same way as the ancient Romans,'' says Ian Kemsley, an inventor in Portland, Ore. ''There's tremendous waste, and a huge amount of money to be made by innovating.''

Mr. Kemsley has created a radical new design for melting sand into glass, based on the same technology that creates heat in microwave ovens. Because his approach relies on electricity, which is more expensive than the natural gas now used by glassmakers, skeptics say he will not be able to adapt his design to handle the enormous volumes of glass churned out by industrial companies.

Those high volumes exert a conservative force on an industry that, while technologically avant-garde 100 years ago, is today heavily concentrated in several Rust Belt companies in Ohio, Pennsylvania and upstate New York.

''These companies have not been entrepreneurial; they haven't been thinking outside of the box,'' says Michael Greenman, executive director of the Glass Manufacturing Industry Council, a trade group based in Westerville, Ohio, that represents the country's major players.

Mr. Greenman sees a new willingness to innovate among glassmakers who, until recently, usually shunned technological advances because savings in materials and energy didn't justify the costs of introducing new designs and processes.

''Many innovations were, frankly, thwarted by cost,'' says C. Philip Ross, a consultant in Laguna Niguel, Calif., who has studied technological options for the industry. ''There's a lot of upside in revisiting old, discarded ideas.''

Glassmakers are searching for both small and large advances on three fronts: designing more efficient furnaces; creating much stronger glass; and using heat better.

While small improvements in furnaces can help, a radical advance is needed. ''Believe me, people have been trying for a long time, but it is so challenging,'' says David Rue, a furnace designer at the Gas Technology Institute in Chicago. ''A better one has to do everything we do now and then some new things.''

Mr. Rue has designed an experimental furnace that melts sand into glass in 3 hours instead of the typical 24. The trick is ''to turn the furnace upside down,'' he explains, to improve heat transfer and reach critical temperatures more rapidly. (Faster melting saves much energy.) While the new furnace works, it yields smaller batches of glass and leaves too many bubbles, an outcome that Mr. Rue is trying to correct.

Making glass stronger is perhaps the most difficult problem, and potentially the most astonishing advance. Everyday glass is less then 1 percent of its theoretical strength. Stronger glass would be lighter, require less material and be cheaper to transport -- and would mean fewer broken wine glasses at dinner parties. Lighter glass could save more energy than any other single innovation. But there is a catch: Because the basic science of glass has been relatively neglected for decades, ''we are just beginning to get a hold on the strength issue,'' Mr. Greenman says.

Probably the quickest gains will come from better ''heat recovery'' in manufacturing. Most glass is made in huge furnaces that reach temperatures of more than 2,000 degrees, then run continuously for as long as 10 years. Heat is lost at many points and, until recently, glassmakers didn't have much incentive to plug the leaks even though they knew how. Now they do.

''Heat recovery is so critical,'' says Patrick Jackson, energy manager at Corning Inc., a leading glassmaker. ''It is a game changer.''

He estimates that energy use could improve as much as 40 percent through reduced loss of heat. Last December, when Corning wanted to train a dozen people from various business groups in relevant techniques, the company sent them to Germany, which Mr. Jackson calls ''the Mecca of heat recovery.''

The potential revolution in glass-making suggests a new model for innovation: Creators go back to the future, spending almost as much time retrieving once-discarded inventions as they do creating new ones.