Brainstorming People generally accommodate due to the influence of social factors such as gender, culture, ethnicity, native language, social and occupational status, and age

Exercise 5
There are many different ways in which a person may accommodate to the speech of another.
Make a list of as many features as you can think of.
Speech convergence

• Contrary to convergence, in divergence the speaker wants to differentiate himself from the group or communication partner. According to Giles and St. Claire (1979), in order to remain distinct
• and dissimilar to the out-group, specifically when the individual’s identity and affiliation to a group is being endangered, the speaker diverges in speech style and/or language.
• For example, a member of the royal family would say, “How do you do?” instead of “How are you” in a context where the royal meet the common, to remain distinct.
• Another example for divergence might be a person not wanting to be identified with a specific region, adopting a perceived higher status dialect

Speech divergence
Over-accommodation

• Over-accommodation is the process of overdoing the accommodation adjustment of speech style, rate, or the exaggeration of the perceived preferences of the communication partner.
• For example, speaking too loudly with an elderly person, using baby language with a six-year-old child, or using double negatives such as ‘ain’t nobody’ or too much slang to belong to a group of African Americans can be considered as over-accommodation.

Accommodation problems
It is possible to overdo convergence and offend listeners. Over-convergent behaviour may be perceived as patronising and ingratiating, as sycophantic, or even as evidence that the speaker is making fun of others. We look for possible reasons for changes in other people’s speech. If the reasons appear manipulative, we are less likely to feel positive about convergence.
Listeners also react differently to different types of convergence. A Canadian speaker was more favourably rated when he accommodated in speech rate and content (by explaining unfamiliar US terms), than when he adopted a ‘mild’ RP accent as well. Accent accommodation was seen as going too far. People seemed to feel that by altering his accent the speaker was misleading his listeners about his ‘true’ identity.
In multilingual countries, such as Singapore, India or Democratic Republic of the CongoZaire, with many varieties to choose from, people may accommodate to others by selecting the code or variety that is most comfortable for their addressees. In the market-place, people sometimes accommodate to the language of the person selling goods in order to secure goodwill and, hopefully, a good bargain. Conversely, in a bilingual city like Montreal, French Canadians in cafés and stores may use English to customers that they identify as English speakers in order to improve their chances of a good sale.
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