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Overt discrimination
is where one group is treated less favourably than another. 

Indirect discrimination 
makes it harder for somebody of a particular group to fulfil requirements. 
Furthermore, the principle of 
equal pay for equal work 
and for 
equal value 
is enshrined in legislation. 
This is covered in more detail in Chapter 13. 
8.4 Environmentalism 
Issues relating to the effect of an organisation's activities on the physical environment have come to the 
fore in recent years. This will be dealt with in detail later in this chapter. 
8.5 The business response 
(a) 
'Green products'
.
 
Companies like The Body Shop have cleverly exploited ecological friendliness as 
a marketing tool. Supermarkets now stock cleaning products which are supposed to be kind to 
nature. 
(b) 
Changed practices
.
 
Bad publicity has led to improvements. A consumer campaign to boycott 
tuna from companies whose methods of fishing endangered the lives of dolphins has led to 
changed fishing techniques. 
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PART A: THE BUSINESS ORGANISATION, ITS STAKEHOLDERS AND THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT 
 
40
 
(c) 
Limits
.
 
There may be a limit to how much consumers are prepared to alter their lifestyles, or pay, 
for the sake of ecological correctness. 
(d) 
Education and confusion
.
 
Consumers may be imperfectly educated about environmental issues. 
For example, much recycled paper has simply replaced paper produced from trees from properly 
managed (ie sustainably developed) forests. There is widespread confusion as to green labelling. 
(e)